7th grade Texas History
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- What problem did the new republic of Texas have with Mexico?
- The Mexican Government refused to recognise Texas' independence and are still at war. Mexico considered Texas a rebelled part of Mexico.
- For what was Lamar's presidency best known?
- His contributions to public education. He was known as the father of public education.
- Who was Anson Jones?
- Secretary of State under Sam Houston in 1841 and president of the republic when annexed to the US.
- What is manifest destiny?
- Belief that expansion of the US to the Pacific Ocean was sure to happen.
- What tensions led to the conflict between Mexico and the US?
- Manifest Destiny and the conflict over Southern border between US and Mexico (Nueces and Rio Grande)
- What was the Mexican Session? Give details
- Mexico agreed that TX was part of the US and Mexico surrendered land between TX and the Pacific Ocean.
- What were the wedges of seperation that divided the North and South?
- A number of issues - Difference from North and South. The biggest two were Slavery and states rights.
- In the 1840's and 1850's, why did immigrant move from foreign countries to TX?
- Cheap land, sense of adventure, political freedom and to escape problems in homeland.
- What is a cash crop? What was Tx's main cash crop?
- A crop sold for money. Cotton.
- Why did most Texans support the institution of slavery?
- slavery was needed to support the economy in the South. Many Texans came from places where slavery was legal.
- Understand the different economies of the North and South during the late 1800's.
- North: factories and more urban, South: agricultural and rural.
- What issues divided the north and south and eventually led the civil war?
- Slavery and states rights.
- During the civil war, where was most of the fighting in Texas concentrated and why?
- On the gulf coast to keep ports open.
- How did the civil war affect Texas' economy?
- Goods were scarce, blockades prevented goods entering leaving Texas.
- What were southerners required to do during reconstruction? Give details.
- Grant citizenship to freedmen and get rid of slavery.
- What was the freedmans bureau?
- helped freedmen face challenges from freedom, made schools, gave food, shelter and job training.
- Understand the balance of slave vs free states. Why did Northerners not want Texas admitted to the union?
- Equal number of slave states vs free states. Because Texas didn't want to approve the 14th ammendment.
- How were African Americans helped by the radical republicans reconstruction plan?
- the radical republicans took a firmer stand.
- In the late 1800's, where did most hostile Native Americans live in Texas? Along which trail would you have seen most of these hostile Native Americans?
- Panhandle, border of the Red River to the Rio Grande. Goodnight Loving Trail.
- Who were the Buffalo Soldiers, what was their role on the frontier?
- African American fighters on the frontier; to guard the forts and protect settlers.
- What did Chief Santanta predict would happen to native americans.
- Indian life, as they knew it, would end.
- Describe the origins of the TX cattle industry
- Spanish
- What marked the beginning of the oil boom in Texas?
- The spindle top gusher
- Why did the US enter WWII
- Pearl Harbor
- Who were Columbus Joiner, Pattillo Higgins and Anthony Lucas?
- Columbus Joiner - He made one of the richest oil discoveries in history on Daisy Bradfords farm.; Patillo Higgins - the owner of spindle top hill, and the person that belived oil was there.: Anthony Lucas - The engineer who struck oil on spindle top.
- What was prohibition
- A national movement to ban the manufacturing, sale, transportation and use of alcoholic beverages.
- Describe womens political involvement before 1919; What was the 19th ammendment?
- To abolish child labor and vote; Womens rights to vote
- Who was James Stephan Hogg? What did he do?
- A succesfull printer and lawyer, led the fight for reform. Populist party and railroad commission.
- Describe the dust bowl
- A terrible drought that destroyed most crops and ended some lives. Caused by overplowing. Lasted from 1930's to 1940's.
- Who is Dwight D. Eisenhower.
- A general in WWI, Texan and president of the US.
- What was the Robin Hood plan?
- A plan to fund poorer schools by taking money from the richer schools.
- Explain the concept of seperation of powers. What are the three branches of government and what is the system of checks and balances?
- The 3 branches of government; legislative, executive and judicial. All 3 branches keep the others balanced. Each branch has same amount of power.
- What is the Texas bill of rights?
- Part of the US and Texas constitutions that establishes power: The individual rights of freedom, press, religion and assembly
- define: Abolitionist
- A person who wants to end slavery.
- define: Annexation
- The act of adding or joining a territory to an existing one.
- define: Cession
- The transfer of land from one country to another.
- define: freedman
- a person who has been freed from slavery.
- define: Segreate
- to seperate people according to their race.
- define: secede
- To withdraw formally
- define: wildcatter
- a person who drills wells hoping to find oil in areas not known to be oil fields.