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Terms
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- Typical “body†cells of plants and animals are
- diploid
- Diploid (2n)
- A cell with two sets of DNA in nucleus. 􀂾 Half of the DNA comes from the mother and the other half comes from the father
- Typical “reproductive†cells of plants and animals are
- haploid
- Haploid (1n)
- A cell with one set of DNA in nucleus. 􀂾 The single set of DNA contains a mixture of DNA from mother and father
- Cells divide and make new cells that are exact copies of themselves one diploid cell makes 2 diploid cells
- mitosis
- Cells divide and make new cells genetically different from themselves One diploid cell makes four haploid cells
- meiosis
- sporophyte
- multicellular plant made of diploid cells
- A sporophyte makes spores by
- meiosis
- Spore
- Single haploid cell made by meiosis.
- (small multicellular plant made of haploid cells),
- gametophyte
- makes gametes by
- mitosis
- In animals, gametes (sperm and eggs) are made from diploid cells by
- meiosis
- In plants, gametes (sperm and eggs), are made from haploid cells by
- mitosis
- BOTH diploid and haploid phases of a plant life cycle are
- MULTICELLULAR
- ⬢Seedless, non-vascular plants ⬢Gametophyte is dominant generation ⬢Require water during reproduction (swimming sperm)
- bryophyte
- bryophytes are Polyphyletic meaning
- Don’t appear to have a common ancestor Don’t form a natural group But….have common characteristics
- Ferns and Lycophytes
- 􀂾Seedless vascular plants 􀂾 Don’t make seeds 􀂾 Have vascular tissue 􀂾 Sporophyte dominant
- Two kinds of leaves
- 1- Microphylls – Single vascular strand 2- Megaphylls – Multiple vascular strands
- FRONDS
- fern megaphylls are called
- Each sporangia makes multiple
- spores
- sori-> sporangium -> spores
- each sori has lots of sporangium, each sporangium has lots of spores
- 5 Sexual reproduction in mosses and ferns requires
- water
- ô€º Roots ô€º Stems ô€º Leaves
- 􀂾Vegetative organs
- Plant tissue systems
- ground, vascular, dermal