excercise 9
Terms
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- articular cartilage
- covers the epiphyseal surface in place of the periosteum- composed of hyaline cartilage- smooth prevents friction
- bone markings
- where bones form joints with other bones, where muscles, tendons, and ligaments, were attached, and where blood vessels and nerves passed
- canaliculi
- tiny canals radiating outard from acentral canal to the lacunae of the 1st lamella and then from lamella to lamella. forms a dense transportation network
- central (haversion) canal
- runs parallel to the long axis of the bone and carries blood vessels, neves, and lymph vessels thought the bony matrix
- circumferential lamellae
- how the lacunae are arranged in circles around the central canal
- condyle
- * rounded articular projection * helps to form joints
- crest
- narrow ridge of the bone; usually prominent * site of muscle attachment
- diaphysis
- shaft of bone, smooth surface
- endochondral ossification
- uses hyaline cartilage bones as patterns for bone formation
- endosteum
- lining of shaft, trabecula, and anals of compact bone; contains osteoblacts and -clasts
- epicondyle
- * raided area on or above a condyle * site of muscle and ligament attachment
- epiphysis
- end of long bone, composed of a thin layer of compact bone that encloses spongy bone
- facet
- * smooth, nearly flat articular surface * helps to form joints
- fissure
- narrow, slitlike opening
- flat bones
- generally thin, with 2 layers of compact bone sandwiching a spongy bone; skull bones
- foramen
- round or oval opening through a bone
- fossa
- shallow, basinlike depression in a bone, ofen serving as an articular surface
- groove
- furrow
- head
- *bony expansion carried on a narrow neck *helps to form joints
- irregular bones
- vertebrae
- lacunae
- chambers containing osteocytes
- line
- narrow ride of bone; less prominent than a crest
- long bones
- femur, phalanges; much longer than wide; shaft, with heads at either end; predominately compact bones
- meatus
- * canal-like passageway
- osteocytes
- mature bone cells
- osteon (haversian system)
- central canal and all the concentric lamellae surrounding it
- perforating(sharpey's) fibers
- fibers of the periosteum that penetrate into the bone
- periosteum
- fibrous membrane covering
- process
- * prominence or projection * site of muscle and ligament attachment
- ramus
- *armlike bar of bone * helps to form joints
- red marrow
- forms blood cells, in the medullary cavity in infants and the epiphysis b/t the trabeculae of spongy bone
- sesamoid bones
- special types of short bones formed in tendons
- short bones
- cube shaped; more spongy bone than compact bone; tarsals and carpals
- sinus
- space w/in a bone, filled with air and lined with mucus membrane
- spine
- sharp, slender, ofen pointed projection * site of muscle and ligament attachment
- trochanter
- very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process (only on femur) * site of muscle and ligament attachment
- tubercle
- small rounded projection or process * site of muscle and ligament attachment
- Tuberosity
- * site of muscle and ligament attachment * large rounded projection; may be roughened
- wormian/ sutura
- tyiny bones b/t cranial bones
- yellow marrow
- the adipose tissue that is stored in the medullary cavity of adults