nervous system (3)
Terms
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- "wrist and finger extensors"
- innervation: radial nerve action: extends wrist and/or fingers
- anterior compartment (muscles, function, innervation)
- caracobrachialis (crosses shoulder), biceps brachii (crosses shoulder and elbow), brachiallis (crosses elbow) function- flexion innervation- musculocutaneous
- articular (joint) capsule
- attaches the margin of the glenoid fossa and to the anatomical neck of the humerous
- biceps brachii
- action: flex arm at shoulder joint, flexor of elbow, supinator of forearm
- biceps tendon (long head)
- travels in the intertubercular groove, then attaches to supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- brachialis
- innervation: musculocutaneous nerve action: forearm flexor (agonist)
- brachioradialis
- innervation: radial nerve action: flexes forearm at elbow
- coracobrachialis
- action:flexes and adducts arm innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
- deltoid (3 heads: anterior, middle, posterior)
- action: anterior-flexes and medially rotates arm middle- abducts arm posterior- extends and laterally rotates arm innervation: axillary nerve
- glenoid cavity (fossa)
- covered with articular cartilage
- glenoid labrum
- rim of fibrocartilage
- head of humerous
- covered with articular cartilage
- latissimus dorsi
- action: extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus
- levator scapulae
- elevates scapula
- pectoralis major
- action: adducts and medially rotates humerus
- pectoralis minor
- action: downward rotation and depression of scapula
- posterior compartment (muscles, function, innervation)
- triceps brachii- long head- crosses shoulder and elbow medial/lateral- crosses elbow function- extension innervation- radia nerve
- pronator quadratus
- innervation: median nerve action: pronation of forearm
- pronator teres
- innervation: median nerve action: pronation of forearm
- radiohumeral
- (lateral)- capitulum of humerous and had of radius
- rhomboids (major and minor)
- Action: retraction of scapula
- rotator cuff
- continuous contraction of these muscles is primarily responsible for holding the head of the humerus within the glenoid fossa. critical for stability
- rotator cuff muscles
- supraspinatus (abduction), infraspinatus (lateral rotation), teres minor (lateral rotation), subscapularis (medial rotation)
- serratus anterior
- action: protraction of scapula and upward rotation of glenoid cavity innervation: long thoracic nerve
- supinator
- innervation: radial nerve action: supination of forearm
- teres major
- action: extends, adducts, and medial rotates the humerus
- thenar eminence hypothenar eminence
- innervation: thenar- medial nerve hypothenar- ulnar nerve action: flexion, abduction, and opposition of thumb and little finger
- trapezius
- innervation: spinal acessory nerve (CN XI) action: upper- elevates and upwardly rotates scapula; extends head and neck middle- retracts scapula lower-depresses and upwardly rotates scapula
- triceps brachii
- innervation: radial nerve action: primary forearm extendor (agonist)
- ulnohumeral
- (medial)- trochlear notch of ulna and trochlea of humerous
- wrist and finger flexors
- flexor carpi radialis flexor digitorum superficialis flexor digitorum profundus flexor carpi ulnaris flexor pollicis longus palmaris longu innervation: primarily median nerve action: produce flexion at all joints crossed