WWII Exam II
Terms
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- Areas of Germany’s 3-prong attack on Russia
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- North- Leningrad
- Center - Poland into Belorussia
- South - Ukraine
- Who helps Germany in the North?
- Finland
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Who helps Germany in the South?
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- Rumania
- Hungary
- Italy
- Bulgaria
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Where is the end goal of the central attack?
- Moscow
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Why attack the South?
- Oil fields in the Caucasus
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When did Germany attack Russia?
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June 22, 1941
- Why didn't Stalin warn the field commanders?
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He thought Churchill's warning were a ploy to distract him
- German northern theater in July
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- 80 miles from Leningrad
- S.U. has no infrastructure
- lack of supplies/trucks
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German central theater in July
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- 200 miles from Moscow
- get close
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German southern theater in July
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- fierce opposition
- impressive gains despite
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What does Russia do with it's factories when Germany attacks?
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- moves 1500 East beyong Urals
- dismantled and reassembled
- Great Patriotic War
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Dates for the siege of Leningrad
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September 1941 - 1944
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What happens to the Germans in Russia during the 41-42 Winter?
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- didnt bring winter supplies
- 60 below in some places
- devastates army
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Why is the Russian counterattack successful?
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- vastness of territory
- German inability to defend supply lines
- no German reinforcements
- Russian industry growing
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What was the German invasion of the Soviet Union called?
- Operation Barbarossa
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Why expand into Russia?
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- Lebensraum
- Germany was tool reliant on SU for raw materials
- Hitler feared Stalin might enter into an alliance with Churchill
- Primary weakness in the Soviet Military?
- military leadership - purges
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Why was the Soviet military lacking military leadership?
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- purges
- lack of battlefield experience
- low morale
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Kristallnacht
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- Night of Broken Crystal
- Nazis smashed the windows of all the Jewish businesses
- burned temples
- accosted leadership and interned them
- Nuremberg Laws
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- late 1930s
- Jews denied citizenship
- Jews denied universities
- no intermarriage
- no Nazi membership
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What was the final solution to the Jewish question?
- Holocaust
- Evolution of the holocaust
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- Polish jews concentrated into ghettos
- Special Action Group Murder squads
- establishment of death camps
- Judenrat
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- Jewish council allowed by the Germans in each ghetto
- administering the jewish population
- doing the bidding of the german officers
- Date when death camps first started
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December 1941
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Sonderkommando
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Jew units in death camps responsible for herding other jews in the gas chambers and burning the bodies
- Japanese Expansionism Timeline
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- Turns to fascism
- desired more raw materials
- 1931- invasion and conquer of Manchuria
- Manchukuo established
- censured and leaves the League of Nations
- signing of anti-communist treaties with germany and i
- Manchukuo
- Manchuria puppet government after Japan annexed
- Rape of Nanking
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- December 1937
- 200,000+ murdered
- reasons for increased Japanese nationalism
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- increased suspicion of Europe
- radio plays military music
- new uniforms to encourage comformity
- celebrations when soldiers leave for war
- no western influence allowed in
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reasons Japan was pushed into Axis
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- early german help with military training
- league of nations treatment after manchuria
- Russian battles on Chinese border
- U.S. embargoes post Indochina
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Japanese victory at Malaya
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- jap outnumbered 2:1
- japs had 300 tanks - brits had none
- brits not experienced with jungle tactics
- bombed singapore
- used bicycles
- takes singapore
- british morale collapses
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Japanese failures at Pearl Harbor
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- do not launch recon to get US carrier fleet
- failed to attack submarine base
- didnt destroy repair facilities
- didnt destroy tank farm
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Purple code
- Japanese naval code in pacific
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Japanese homefront war efforts
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- mock airraid drills
- neighborhood association involved with all the people
- implementing Patriotic virtues
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Doolittle Raid
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- April 18, 1942
- U.S. carries out 1st air raid on Japan
- not a lot of damaged
- shocked citizens
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Battle of Midway
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- June 1942
- U.S. intercepts Japanese fleet
- 4 Jap carriers destroyed
- Jap people and govt lied to
- US spy plane follow Jap recon plane to carrier fleet
- Jap changes to torpedos - takes time
- US dive bombers
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Saipan
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- June 1944
- civilians caught up
- suicide instead of surrender
- AF depleted
- Iwo Jima
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- April 1945
- Kamikaze pilots
- protect Okinawa
- shot out of the air
- Okinawa
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- last island defense before Jap mainland
- last straw for Jap army
- War Plan Orange
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- MacArthur
- Phillipines
- Bataan Peninsula
- holds out awhile
- loses in end
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Battle of the Coral Sea
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- May 1942
- ships never see each other
- tactically a draw - strategically U.S. victory
- shifts momentum of Pacific War
- Jap defeated b/c of code breaking
- two jap carriers out of commission
- Operation Watchtower
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- August 1942
- Invasion of Guadalcanal and Tulagi
- Japs building airfields
- Yamamoto killed on good will tour
- Matmacaw village
- August 1942
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matmacaw village
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- Guadalcanal
- japanese tell marines they are gonna surrender
- marines land and are ambushed