Chapter 34
Terms
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- 1 pt = ______ ML
- 480
- 1 Quart = ____ ml
- 960
- 1 tbsp = _____ ML or _____ fluid oz
- 15 ml or 1/2 fluid oz
- 1 tsp = ____ ML
- 4-5 ml
- 15 gtts = ____ ML
- 1 ml
- 3 Drug Names
-
1. Chemical2. Generic3. Trade/Proprietary/Brand
- 6 rights:
- Right: med, dose, client, route, time, documentation
- 8 oz = ___ cup or ____ ml
- 1 cup, 240 ml
- Absorption
- passage of medication into tissue from route of insertion
- Adverse Effects
- unpredicted severe side effects
- Allergic reactions:
-
unpredictable antibody response to medicationex: penicillin
- Anaphylactic Reaction
- causes bronchial constriction, limited air, reates edema in the larynx and pharynx
- body surface are affects what?
- the amount of absorption
- Describe the physiological mechanisms of medication action:
- absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
- Distribution
- the transport of medication to the site of action to treat target symptoms
- Excretion
- the elimination of medications from the body
- Explain protein binding in regards to distribution
- If medication has a high affinity to albumin, that's bad.
- First law to regulate medications:
- 1906 Pure food and drug act
- How many forms of medications are there
- 20
- Idiosyncratic reactions
-
unpredictable over or under reaction or different reaction from normal to medicationex: ritalin (stimulant)
- lipid solubbility may do what?
- only lipid sol. can cross blood-brain barrier
- Medication form determines what?
- Route of administration
- Metabolism
- the changing of the chemical structures of a medication into less active or inactive forms
- Metabolism takes place:
- in the liver
- Nurse practice act is responsible for what?
- protects public from underskilled, under educated, unlisenced personnel.
- Patient is to receive 4 mg morphine IV. The med is available in a vial containing 10 mg per milliliter. The vial contains 1 ml.
- 4 mg / 10 mg = 0.4 mg
- pharmacodynamics
- drugs action on the body
- pharmacokinetics
- the body's action on drugs
- route of administration affects what?
- metabolism of medication
- Route prescribed for administering a med depends on:
- the med properties, desired effect, patient's physical condition, patient's mental condition
- route that provides the fastest absorption
- IV injection
- State and local regulations must conform to _______
- federal legislation
- the ability to dissolve depends on:
- form of the medication
- The rate and extent of distribution depends on the physical and chemical properties of the _____ and the ______ of the person taking the medication
- medication; physiology
- Toxic effects
-
accumulation of medications above therapeutic indexex: morphine, lithium, and ativan
- What affects circulation?
- diabetes, hypertension, etc...
- What is FDA role in medication regulation?
- approves drugs after rigorous process
- What is the blood brain barrier?
- Only certain substances can cross subarachnoid ara, brain, and spinal column
- What is the role of federal regulation
- to ensure public safety