Integument (Skin, Hair, Nails)
Terms
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- Epidermis
- -outermost layer, Avascular -sheds every 30 days -contains melanocytes
- Dermis
- -highly vascular -contains sensory fibers that react to pain, touch and temp. -varies in thickness (1-4mm)
- Hypodermis
- -not skin tissues but support structure for the dermis and epidermis -has subcutaneous fat that helps retain heat, provides protective cushion and provides calories
- Appendages:
- 1. hair 2. nails 3. eccrine sweat glands 4. apocrine sweat glands 5. sebacious glands
- Hair
- -melanocytes provide color -variations in color due to age, gender, race, and hereditary factors
- Nails
- -epidermal cells converted to hard plates of keratin -nail beds are clues to oxygenation and perfusion
- Eccrine Sweat Glands
- -most numerous in body--most on palms, soles of feet and forehead
- Apocrine Sweat Glands
- -Larger and deeper--axillae, nipples, areolae, anogenital area, eyelids, and external ears -decomposition produces body odor
- Sebaceous Glands
- -secretion prevents skin and hair from drying out -greatest distribution on face and scalp
- Finger Clubbing
- nail is enlarged and curved
- Early Signs of Melanoma (ABCDEF)
- A- Asymmetry (not round or oval) B- Border (poorly defined or irregular border) C- Color (uneven, variegated) D- Diameter (usually greater than 6mm) E- Elevation (recent change from flat to raised lesion) F- Feeling (sensation of itching, tingling, o
- what is considered the most important function of the skin?
- protection
- which layer of skin contains sensory fibers that react to touch, pain, and temp?
- the dermis
- in what age group is milia an expected finding?
- newborns
- freckles are skin lesions that are also known as:
- macules
- cyanosis in dark pigmented skin appears as a:
- ashen gray color to the skin
- when assessing the nail for clubbing, the nurse specifically examines:
- the angle of the nail base
- what indicates a need to further investigate a lesion?
- the lesion bleeds easily when touched
- what age group is seborrheic keratosis an expected finding?
- older adults
- the most common skin lesions in young and school-aged children are the result of:
- communicable disease and bacterial infection
- what is characterized by an eruption of lesions along a cutaneuos sensory nerve line?
- herpes zoster -- shingles
- a lesion that appears yellow-green or blue-green under a wood's lamp is indicative of a:
- lesion caused by fungal infection