Schools of Psychology
Terms
- Behaviorism
-
We can understand people better by their behavior rather than trying to figure out what they're thinking. behavior can be studied and explained Cognitive
Examines internal mental processes such as problem solving, memory, and language.
- Evolutionary
- Attempts to explain "useful" mental traits—such as memory, perception, or language—as adaptations, i.e., as the functional products of natural or sexual selection.
- Functionalism
Mental processes are characterized in terms of their abstract functional (opr computational) relationships to one another, and to sensory inputs and motor outputs
William James
- Gestalt
The conscious experience must be considered globally (by taking into account all the physical and mental aspects of the individual simultaneously) because the nature of the mind demands that each component be considered as part of a system of dynamic r
- Humanism
- (1) Human beings cannot be reduced to components.
- (2) Human beings have in them a uniquely human context.
- (3) Human consciousness includes an awareness of oneself in the context of other people.
- (4) Human beings have choice
- Psychoanalysis
Focuses on how unconscious desires and thoughts affect behavior. Based on the concepts of the Id, the Ego, and the Superego.
Sigmund Freud
- Sociocultural
- Studies the interaction between culture and human behavior.
- Structuralism
Conscious mental life can be broken down into fundamental elements, which then form more complex mental structures.
Willhelm Wundt