Biology DNA technology
Terms
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- biotechnology
- manipulation of organisms for practical purposes of improving human health and agriculture
- genetic engineering
- direct manipulation of genes for practical uses
- recombinant DNA technology
- a set of techniques for recombining genes from different sources. \"in vitro\" then transferring this recombinant DNA into a cell to be expressed and replicated
- DNA cloning
- producing multiple copies of a gene
- 2 possible cloning goals:
- to produce a protein, or to make copies of a gene for study
- restriction enzymes
- cut DNA at recognition sites with specific sequences
- polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- \"in vitro\" multiplcation of genes...used to make a ton of DNA from tiny samples
- gel electrophoresis
- separates proteins or nucleic acids based on size, electrical charge, etc
- Dideoxy (Sanger) method of DNA sequencing
- determines nucleotide sequence by making \"in vitro\" DNA using radioactively labeled dideoxy (DD) nucleotides which terminate the strand
- DNA sequencing: Whole Genome (Shotgun) Sequencing
- restriction enzymes cut DNA, fragments are sequenced via computers, overlapping sequences allow reconstruction of whole sequence