Theatre Test 2
Terms
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- All drama performed at:
- Athens
- Patriarchy
- Male dominated society
- Participatory Democracy
- All men were expected to volunteer their time to the community
- Religious song/chant/choral ode
- Dithyrambs
- Dionysus
- rituals performed to this Greek god
- Thespis
- First actor- pretended to be Dionysus
- City Dionysia
- Theatre festivals performances lasted all day here
- Greek sources of funding for theatre
- 1. The State 2. Choregos- responsible for training and costuming the chorus
- Greek audiences included:
- citizens, visitors, female slaves
- Orchestra
- "Dancing Place" The alter to Dionysus, where chorus dances
- Theatron
- -Holds about 14,000 -"Seeing Place" -Audience seating area
- Skene (Greek)
- -Structure behind orchestra -"hut or tent" -Actors go and change costume/enterances
- Presentational
- Suggestive
- What performance style was Greek theatre?
- Presentational -Chanted lines -Masks -Large patterned movements
- Greek play subjects:
- Religious stories meant to teach
- How many times a year were plays performed?
- Once a year -Springtime
- Performance Convention of Greek Theatre
- All performers were male
- How many actors were there in Greek theatre?
- 3
- Were Greek actors paid?
- Amateur actors paid in "prizes"
- Medieval theatre subject:
- Religious, meant to teach
- Medieval Stage Conventions
- Wagon used as stage
- Number of Medieval actors:
- Hundreds, all boys and men, loved and respected
- Definition of Secular theatre
- not religious
- How often were cycle plays performe?
- Once a year- Springtime
- Cycle Plays
- Bible story acted out with anonymous playwrights -meant to teach
- Guilds
- -Funded Medieval cycle plays -Guild members performed
- Mansions
- -Small set pieces -Presentational -Medieval
- Reformation
- -Banned religious plays -Factions split from church -secular theatre grows
- The reformation caused what drastic change in theatre/society relationship?
- Theatre became Commercial- self supported
- Commercial
- Self Supporting
- Was there theatre in the dark ages?
- No
- What was the purpose of theatre during the high middle ages?
- -Meant to teach -Religious Subjects
- What are some similarities between Greek and Medieval theatre?
- -Both religious and Civic -Once a year/Springtime -Common Stories -Meant to teach
- Who Produced Medieval Theatre?
- Guilds
- Who could perform in the cycle plays?
- Boys and men
- Who could watch medieval cycle plays?
- Everyone for free
- Renaissance
- -"Rebirth" -Revival of ancient, classical culture
- Humanism
- -People should be at center of their concerns -This life is important, not just the after life
- Globe Theatre
- -Theatre where Shakespeare's company performed
- Groundlings
- Audience members who stood in the pit at the Globe theatre in Elizabethan Times
- Pit
- Courtyard surrounding stage in Globe Theatre
- Galleries (Elizabethan)
- -Bench seating covered by thatch in globe theatre -Higher levels cost more to sit in
- Multitudes
- -Elizabethan Theatre Audience -Included men, women, rich, poor
- Staging and Spectacle of Elizabethan theatre?
- -presentational with moments of realism -Rely on words for mental image
- Performance Style of Cycle Plays?
- Presentational with moments of realism
- Master of Revels
- -Member of Queen Elizabeth's court who made sure theatre obeyed laws 1. No Bible stories 2. No Obvious politics
- What was the political tension during Elizabethan theatre era?
- -Catholics and Protestants at war -Unmarried woman ruling
- Did Greek and Medieval times have commercial theatre?
- No
- How did theaters deal with politics of that time?
- No obvious politics, secular
- What was the average attendance of an Elizabethan Performance?
- 500
- Where was Shakespeare's globe theatre located?
- London
- Who did the master of revels work for?
- Queen Elizabeth
- How many people could watch a play at the Globe theatre?
- 1500 Max
- When did the performances take place?
- Depended on weather
- Verisimilitude
- -what appears to be true
- Neoclassical Ideals
- 1. Reason-could happen in real life 2. Three Unities- Time (24hrs) Place (one) Action (1 storyline) 3.Decorum
- 4 Significant Innovations of the Neoclassical Era
- 1. Dramatic Criticism 2. Scene Design 3. Theatre Architecture 4. Acting
- What happened in 1642?
- English public theatres shut down
- What was King Louis XIV's Slogan and why?
- "I am the State" -Had strict control over content
- In the Neoclassical era sets were __________.
- Representational (recreating)
- Stock Sets
- -Sets used repeatedly -Generalized location
- What aspect of acting changed during neoclassicism?
- -Women started acting -Innovation #4
- Lines of Business
- -Actors played small range of roles -Stock characters "typecasting"
- In what era of theatre was Dramatic Criticism created?
- Neoclassical (Innovation #1) -Basis for a "good" play
- Satire
- type of comedy using wit and exaggeration to expose individual or institutional folly
- What are the three neoclassical unities?
- 1.Time 2.Place 3.Action
- How did scenic design change during neoclassicism?
- Perspective was added to create depth (Innovation #2)
- How did theatre architecture change in neoclassicism?
- The proscenium arch was introduced. Framed perspective. (Innovation #3)
- “He needs will be Absolute Milanâ€
- Prospero describing his brother’s political ambitions to Miranda
- “I must uneasy make, lest too light winning make the prize light.â€
- Seeing how easily Ferdinand and Miranda have fallen in love, Prospero speaks aloud his plan to make Ferdinand work for him before permission is given
- “The next advantage will we take thoroughlyâ€
- Antonio urges Sebastian to use the next opportunity to kill Alonso
- “The rarer action is in virtue than in vengeance.â€
- Prospero is speaking to Ariel. He is announcing that he will have mercy on those who plotted against him rather than keep going with his revenge
- Dramatic Action Of the Tempest
- Prospero teaches the lesson of civility
- Inciting Incident in the Tempest
- Prospero conjuring the storm
- Climax in the Tempest
- (Virtue) Prospero forgiving Antonio
- Characters involved in the main action of the Tempest:
- Prospero and Ariel
- Characters involved in the subplots of the Tempest:
- Ferdinand and Miranda, Teinculo, Stephano, and Caliban, Alonso, Gonzalo, Antonio, Sebastian, Mariners, Boatswain
- Decorum
- Expected language or behavior
- Piety
- Duty to one's family and to God
- Did Tartuffe follow all Neoclassical ideals?
- Tartuffe breaks action: Orgon hides under the table
- Dramatic Action Statement of Tartuffe
- "To get rid of Tartuffe and restore order to the kingdom"
- Inciting Incident in Tartuffe
- Orgon tells Mariane she has to wed Tartuffe
- Climax in Tartuffe
- Officer arrests Tartuffe
- Denouement in Tartuffe
- Mariane and Valere wed, Damis and Valere's sister wed, Orgon has to kneel before the King
- Who are the obsessive characters in Tartuffe?
- Orgon, Damis, Madame Pernelle, Tartuffe
- Who are the pious characters in Tartuffe?
- -Mariane -Valere -Dorine -Elmire -Baliff -Officer/King
- Who were court audiences composed of?
- -Invited and wealthy -Tried to sit closest to king
- Blank Verse
- writing style that has rhythm, last words of lines are non-rhyming
- Prose
- -Conversational Speech -Sentences without rhythm
- Rhyming Verse
- Verse (poetry) where two lines meet
- Soliloquy
- -Speech where character is along on stage speaking thoughts out loud to audience -Sorting through thoughts -Blends emotion with action
- Was Shakespeare a popular writer?
- Yes
- Why did Shakespeare write in blank verse?
- Sounded more natural than previous writers
- What is Shakespere's typical pattern in his use of time and place?
- Exotic places and History
- Why did Shakespeare use so many subplots?
- Enhanced: -Action (complications) -Characters (complexity) -Themes