endocrine - symp an dia
Terms
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- protrusion of one or both eyeballs often because of thyroid dysfunction or a tumor behind the eyeball
- exophthalmos/exophthalmus
- glucose (sugar) in the urine
- glucosuria/glycosuria
- shaggy; an excessive growth of hair especially in unusual places
- hirsutism
- an abnormally high level of calcium in the blood
- hypercalemia
- an abnormally low lever of calcium in the blood
- hypocalcemia
- high blood sugar
- hyperglycemia
- low blood sugar
- hypoglycemia
- an abnormally high level of potassium in the blood
- hyperkalemia
- kalium
- potassium
- deficient level of potassium in the blood
- hypokalemia
- excessive level of sodium ions in the blood
- hypernatremia
- natro
- sodium
- low level of sodium ions in the blood
- hyponatremia
- abnormally increased secretion
- hypersecretion
- decreased secretion
- hyposecretion
- presence of an abnormal amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine indicating an abnormal utilization of carbohydrates as seen in uncontrolled diabetes and starvation
- ketosis/ketoacidosis/diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
- all chemical processes in the body that result in growth, generation of energy, elimination of waste and other body functions
- metabolism
- excessive thirst
- polydipsia
- excessive urination
- polyuria
- collection of signs and symptoms caused by an excessive level of cortisol hormone from any cause, such as a result of excessive production by the adrenal gland, or more commonly as a side effect of treatment with glucorticoid (steroid) hormones such as pr
- Cushing syndrome
- excessive output of the adrenal secretion of androgen in adult women owing to tumor or hyperplasia; evidenced by amenorrhea, acne, hirsutism, and deepening of the voice
- adrenal virilism
- virilis
- masculine
- metabolic disorder caused by an abnormal utilization of insulin secreted by the pancreas; evidenced by hyperglycemia and glucosuria
- diabetes mellitus (DM)
- diabetes
- passing through
- mellitus
- sugar
- hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose
- insulin
- insulin
- island
- diabetes in which there is not beta cell production of insulin-the patient is dependent on insulin for survival
- type 1 diabetes mellitus
- diabetes in which the body produces insulin, but not enough, or there is insulin resistance-the patient is usually not dependent on insulin for survival
- type 2 diabetes mellitus
- condition resulting from an excessive amount of insulin in the blood that draws sugar out of the bloodstream, resulting in hypoglycemia, fainting, and convulsions, often caused by an overdoes of insulin or by a tumor of the pancreas
- hyperinsulinism
- inflammation of the pancreas
- pancreatitis
- hypersecretion of the parathyroid glands, usually caused by a tumor
- hyperparathyroidism
- hyposecretion of the parathyroid glands
- hypoparathyroidism
- considered the master gland because it secretes hormones that regulate the function of other glands, such as the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testicles
- pituitary gland
- disease characterized by enlarged features, especially the face and hands, caused by hypersecretion of the pituitary hormone after puberty, when normal bone growth has stopped; most often caused by a pituitary tumor
- acromegaly
- condition of abnormal increase in urine output most commonly caused by inadequate secretion of pituitary antidiuretic hormone; symptoms include polyuria and polydipsia; urine appears colorless due to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine
- diabetes insipidus
- insipid
- without taste
- condition of congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone slowing growth and causing a short yet proportionate stature, most oftently treated during childhood
- pituitary dwarfism
- condition of hypersecretion of growth hormone during childhood bone development that leads to an abnormal overgrowth of bone especially of the long bones; most often caused by a pituitary tumor
- pituitary gigantism
- enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by thyroid disfunction, tumor, lack of iodine in the diet, or inflammation
- goiter
- goiter
- throat
- condition of hypersecretion of the thyroid gland characterized by exophtlamia, tachycardia, goiter, and tumor
- hyperthroidism/ Graves disease/ thyrotoxicosis
- condition of hyposecretion of the thyroid gland causing low thyroid levels that result in sluggishness, slow pulse, and often obesity
- hypothyroidism
- advanced hypothyroidism in adults, characterized by sluggishness, slow pulse, puffiness in the hands, and face, and dry skin
- myxedema
- myx
- mucous
- condition of congenital hypothyroidism in children that results in a lack of mental developmen and dwarfed physical stature; the thyroid gland is either congenitally absent of imperfectly developed
- cretinism