EFB-200 Physics of Life, F2009 Module 3: Fluids
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- What are the 2 characteristics of fluid FLOW?
- 1. Fluids can be deformed under a force. 2. Fluids take on the shape of their container, or the shape of what they are containing.
- What are the characteristics of fluid DENSITY?
- 1. Fluid density is dependent on fluid identity. 2. Fluid density can be consistent or inconsistent. 3. Fluid density changes when temperature or solute concentration changes.
- What 2 properties affect fluid density?
- 1. Temperature 2. Solute concentration
- Why does ice float?
- Water's solid form is less dense than its liquid form due to the adjustments of weak hydrogen bonds made in response to decreases in temperature.
- At what temperature does water achieve maximum density?
- 4 degrees C (40 degrees F).
- What are the 4 characteristics of gas DENSITY?
- 1. Gas density is far lower than fluid density. 2. Gas can be compressed, unlike water (fluid). 3. Gas tends to behave as if it is an incompressible fluid at the level where living things exist (ex. air in lungs). 4. Substances cannot be dissolved in gases, but gas mixes can be altered.
- P (momentum) = ?
- P = MV
- KE (kinetic energy) = ?
- KE = (m*v2)/2 or PV2/2
- VISCOSITY
- Fluid friction
- Viscosity causes fluids to resist what?
- Deformation (NOT movement)
- What are the 3 types of flow?
- 1. Laminar (smooth line) 2. Turbulent (trajectory changes, spirals) 3. Thermal (temperature-driven in gases)
- If a gas meets the assumptions of the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT), it should have no what?
- Viscosity
- Water atoms tend to exist in what kind of formation?
- Clumps
- Ein = W + H represents what?
- Heating a liquid when you stir or shake it.
- Viscosity increases on the ___ and ___ of molecular connections.
- Number, intensity
- TRUE/FALSE: Viscosity increases with an increase in the number and intensity of molecular connections.
- TRUE
- TRUE/FALSE: Viscosity decreases with an increase in the number and intensity of molecular connections.
- FALSE
- Maple syrup atoms tend to exist in what kind of formation?
- Ladder/chain.
- Why is maple syrup viscous?
- Orderly formation of atoms causes intense interactions and increases the number of interactions.
- Despite what's stated in the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT), air actually has what property?
- Viscosity
- K = fluid pressure + [(P*v2)/2] represents what?
- K = PE + KE The Bernoulli Principle
- As a laminar stream flows around an obstacle, what happens to the acceleration and KE?
- 1. Region of Acceleration (accelerates, KE increases) 2. Region of Deceleration (flows back toward obstacle, KE decreases) 3. KE remains low after flow moves past obstacle