muscle (disease process)
Terms
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- atony
- lack of normal tone or strength
- atrophy
- wasting away/weakening of muscle fibers due to a lake of usage
- bursitis
- inflammation of the bursa
- bursa
- sac-like cavity filled w/ synovial fluid that is located in places where tendons or muscles pass over bony prominences
- charley horse
- bruised or torn muscle accompanied by severe pain and cramps
- cramp
- sustained spasm or contraction of a muscle accompanied by severe localized pain
- dystonia
- sustained abnormal postures or disruptions of normal movement resulting from alterations of muscle tones
- Dupuytren's contracture
- painless thickening and contracture of the palmar fascia due to fibrous proliferation resulting in loss of function of the fingers
- fasciculations
- repetitive, involuntary contracture of muscle
- fibromyalgia
- group of rheumatic disorders characterized by achy pain, tenderness, and stiffness of muscles and tendon insertions
- myofascial pain sydrome
- chronic condition affecting the fascia, or connective tissue covering muscles
- fibromyositis
- chronic inflammation of a muscle w/ hyperplasia (overgrowth) of connective tissue
- ganglion
- thin-walled band cyst formed on a joint capsule or tendon sheath
- leiomyoma
- benign tumor of smooth muscle tissue (eg the uterus)
- muscular dystrophy
- genetic abnormality of muscle tissue characterized by dysfunction & ultimately deterioration
- myalgia
- muscle pain
- myasthenia gravis
- chronic progressive neuromuscular weakness, usually starting w/ the muscles of the face & throat
- myopathy
- any disease of the muscles
- myositis ossificans
- disease characterized by bony deposits or the ossification of muscle tissue
- paralysis
- the loss of nervous control of a muscle
- paraplegia
- paralysis of the legs (lower extremities)
- quadriplegia
- paralysis of all 4 limbs
- plantar fasciitis
- excessive pulling or stretching of the calcaneum periosteum by the plantar fascia, resulting in pain along the inner border of the plantar fascia
- polymyositis
- autoimmune disorder which causes atrophy & weakness of the muscles
- rigor mortis
- muscular hardness occuring 4-7 hours after death (rigor means chilled, stiffness, rigidity)
- tendinitis
- inflammation of a tendon or the synovial lining of a tendon sheath due to trauma or repetitive wear
- tenosynovitis
- inflammation of a tendon and tendon sheath
- tennis elbow
- strain of the lateral forearm muscles or the tendinous attachments near their origin on the epicondyle of the humerus
- lateral & medial epicondylitis
- see also: tennis elbow
- tetanus
- disease caused by the bacterium Claustridium tetani, which produces a toxin which causes muscles to go into tetany (hyperexcitability of nerves characterized by muscle cramps or twitching)
- torticollis
- contraction of sternocleidomastoid muscle causing rotation of the head