Medical Term 10 11 12
Terms
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- -sthenia
- Strength Neurasthenia- nervous exhaustion and fatigue, often following depression
- syncop/o
- to cut off, to cut short
- tax/o
- Order, Coordination Ataxia- persistant unsteadiness
- -praxia
- action apraxia- movements are not purposeful
- Acetylcholine
- neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends (synapses) of nerve cells
- Afferent Nerves
- Carry messages TOWARD the brain and spinal cord (sensory nerves)
- Arachnoid Membrane
- Middle layer of the three membranes (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord.
- Astrocyte
- A type of glial (neurologic) cell that transports water and salts from capillaries
- Autonomic Nervous System
- Nerves that control involuntary body functions of muscles, glands, and internal organs
- Axon
- Microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell
- Blood-brain barrier
- Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out
- Brainstem
- Lower portion of the brain that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord. The pons and medulla oblongota are part of the brainstem
- Cauda Equina
- Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord
- Cell body
- Part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus
- Central Nervous System
- Brain and the spinal cord
- Cerebellum
- Posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance
- Cerebral cortex
- Outer region of the cerebrum
- Congestive Heart Failure
- The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood. More blood enters the heart from the veins then is leaving the arteries
- ACE
- angiotension-converting enzyme
- PDA
- patent ductus arteriosus a duct between the aorta and the pulmonary artery which normally closes soon after birth remains open (patent)
- Hypertension (HTN)
- High Blood Pressure 140/90 is considered high in adults
- Angina
- chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia
- Auscultation
- Listening for sounds in blood vessals or other body structures, typically through a stethoscope
- Beta-blockers
- drugs used to treat angina, hypertension, and arrhytmias. They block the action of epinephrine at receptor sites on cells, slowing heartbeat and reducing the workload on the heart
- petechiae
- small, pinpoint hemorrhages
- occlusion
- Closure of a blood vessel
- Infarction
- Area of dead tissue
- Digoxin
- A drug that treats arrhythmias and strengthens the heart beat
- Statins
- Drug used to lower cholesterol in the bloodstream
- Vegetations
- Clumps of platelets, clotting proteins, microorganisms, and red blood cells on the endocardium in conditions such as bacterial endocarditis and rheumatic heart diesease
- BNP Test
- Measurement of Brain natriuretic peptide in blood
- Name the four defects in Tetralogy of Fallot
- A. Pulmonary Artery Stenosis (narrowing of the artery leading to the lungs from the heart) B. Ventricular Septal Defect (gap in the wall between the ventricles) C. Shift of the aorta to the right (vessel leading from the left ventricle moves over the interventricular septum) D. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle (excessive development of the wall of the right lower heart chamber)
- Claudication
- Pain, tension, and weakness in a limb after walking has begun
- Expiration
- Breathing out (exhalation)
- Palatine Tonsil
- lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx
- Visceral Pleura
- Inner fold of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue
- Paranasal Sinus
- One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose
- Pleura
- Double-folded membrane surrounding each lung Pleura Cavity- Space between folds of pleura
- Pulmonary Parenchyma
- Essential part of the lung, responsible for respiration, bronchioles, and alveoli
- Name Pathway of air from the nose to the capillaries of the lungs
- -Nose (Nares) -Nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses -Pharynx (adenoids and tonsils) -Larynx (epiglottis) -Trachea -Bronchi -Bronchioles -Alveoli -Lung Capillaries (blood stream)
- Orth/o
- Straight, Upward Orthopnea
- Nas/o
- Nose
- Capn/o
- Carbon Dioxide
- Cyan/o
- Blue Cyanosis- Caused by deficient oxygen in the blood
- lob/o
- Lobe of the lung Lobectomy
- Alveol/o
- Alveolus, air sac
- Ox/o
- Oxygen
- Phon/o
- Voice
- Phren/o
- diaphragm Phrenic Nerve- the motor nerve in the diaphragm
- Spir/o
- Breathing
- tel/o
- complete atelectasis- Collapsed Lung
- -ectasis
- Expansion
- Rale
- Fine crackling sound heard on auscultation (during inspiration) when there is fluid in the alveoli
- Rhoncus
- Loud rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
- -ptysis
- Apitting
- -sphyxia
- Pulse Asphyxia- blockage of breathing and severe hypoxia
- -ema
- Condition
- -osmia
- Smell Anosmia
- -pnea
- breathing
- -thorax
- Pleural Cavity, Chest
- Percussion
- Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
- Stridor
- Strained, high pitched, relatively loud sound made on inspiration, associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea
- Wheeze
- Continuous high pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration
- Croup
- Acute viral infection in infants and children, characterized by obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor
- Sputum
- material expelled from the chest by coughing or clearing the throat