Chem 115
Terms
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- isotope
- One of two or more atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers.
- isomer
- Two or more substances that are composed of the same elements in the same proportions but differ in properties because of differences in the arrangement of atoms.
- Mass Number
- protons and neutrons
- Atomic Number
- Number of protons = number of electrons
- Fission
- A nuclear reaction in which an atomic nucleus, especially a heavy nucleus such as an isotope of uranium, splits into fragments, usually two fragments of comparable mass, releasing from 100 million to several hundred million electron volts of energy
- Fusion
- A nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of huge amounts of energy.
- Amount of electricity Generated by nuclear power in France
- 76%
- Amount of electricity Generated by nuclear power in U.S.
- 20%
- Advantages of Nuclear Power Production by Fission
- - Minimal Air and water pollution. - Efficient use of fuel resources. - Relatively low operating cost
- Disadvantages of Nuclear Power Production from Fission
- production of radioactive wastes, possibility of accident producing serious human health problems, and long term storage of waste will likely have high costs
- SO2 and SO3
- Acid Rain
- NO and NO2
- Acid Rain and Ozone Depletion
- Halogenated Hydrocarbons
- Ozone Layer Problems
- CO and CO2
- Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
- Fossil Fuels
- Smoke, Smog, and solid particles
- Law of Conservation of Matter
- Matter can neither be created nor destroyed; rather it changes into different forms
- Law of Conservation of Energy
- Energy is neither created nor destroyed, but can change into different forms
- 1st Law of Thermodynamics
- The total amount of energy in the universe is constant
- 2nd Law of Thermodynamics
- In spontaneous changes, the universe tends toward a state of greater disorder