Nursing Exam #3
Terms
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- This involves the care of clients before, during, and after surgery
- perioperative nursing
- when does the preoperative phase begin and end?
- begins with the client's decision to have surgery and ends when the client enters the operating room
- what body systems have a higher risk of infection postop?
- GI, GU, respiratory tracts or repair of any penetrating injury
- this surgery involves the removal of a diseased body part
- ablative surgery
- cholecystectomy:
- removal of gallbladder
- an example of diagnostic surgery is:
- a biopsy or invasive testing (cardiac cath)
- This is done to alleviate discomfort or other disease symptoms without producing a cure
- palliative surgery
- this surgery is performed to restore function
- reconstructive
- cosmetic surgery is done to
- improve appearance
- this surgery replaces a malfunctioning body part, tissue or organ
- transplant surgery
- joint replacement surgery is classified as what kind of surgery?
- transplant
- Procurement surgery:
- when an organ or tissue is harvested from someone pronounced brain dead for transplantation itno another person
- urgent surgery is scheduled:
- 24-48 hours to alleviate symptoms or repair/restore
- what factors affect surgical risk?
- age, type of wound, prexisting conditions, mental status, medications, personal habits, allergies
- why do anticoagulants increase surgical risk?
- they increase the risk for bleeding
- why does aspirin and NSAIDs increase surgical risk
- increase the risk for bleeding
- why do antihypertensives increase surgical risk?
- they increase the risk for hypotension during surgery and may interact with anesthetic agents
- why do opioids increase surgical risk?
- increases the risk of respiratory depression
- what is informed consent?
- proof the physician presented information about the surgery and that the patient understood it and was not pressured to give consent.
- If a patient is not capable of giving informed consent or if the client is a minor, who can give consent?
- a family member, conservator or legal guardian
- List the 4 parts included in a surgical consent form:
- 1. type of surgery performed 2. the name and qualifications of the doctor 3. A statement that the risks and benefits have been explained 4. A statement that the client has the right to refuse surgery or withdraw consent at any time.
- Why is it important to be NPO 8 hours before surgery?
- to decrease the risk of nausea and vomitting
- what are antiembolism stockings?
- elastic stockings that compress the veins of the legs and increase venous return to the heart
- what must accompany the patient to surgery?
- the preop checklist and medical chart
- this phase beings when the patient enters the operating suite and ends when they are admitted to PACU
- intraoperative phase
- what duties is the circulating nurse in charge of?
- assessing the client in the holding area, developing diagnoses, prepping the skin, positioning the client, ensuring client safety
- this type of anesthesia produces rapid, unconsciousness and loss of sensation.
- general anesthesia