Memory Sins 2
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- 3 categories of memory sins:
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transience, absent mindendness, blocking
misattribution, suggestibility, bias
Persistence - Transience power function:
- you forget at first and then it levels off
- What is the difference between availbility and accessiblity?
- availability is if the memory even exists and accessiblitity is whether one can access the memory (perhaps the right cue isn't used)
- Adaptive qualities to transience?
- forgetting things that are irrelevant can lead to better memory for things that are relevant
- What is absent mindedness?
- forgetting due to attention problems
- At encoding why might one forget? 2 things
- deep vs shallow processing - less likely to remember shallow processing or change blindness - don't pay attention to subtle changes
- Blocking and TOT:
- cannot produce word, but have a strong subjective feeling of knowning it = sometimes produce incorrect items: "ugly stepsisters"
- blocking could be because of __ or __ __
- competition or weak links
- example of blocking TOT and weak links:
- info track through the stonger links first in hopes of getting to the weaker links - TOT thru spread activation but something is blocking retrieval of what you want
- competition and TOT:
- it is a byprouct and have active inhibition/competition for the weaker links - activation is spread to the wrong things, have to way for it to subside to find the right activation
- Example of retrieval inhibition:
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Test 1: recall as many amusing animals as possible
Test 2: recall as many pictures of possible
Recall of fear animals was impaired b/c have part of the pictures (amusing ones) but this impairs retrieval of the fear animals - Retrieval inhibition and part set cueing for converstation:
- forget what you want to say in a convo because other related info gets in the way
- pros and cons blocking:
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pro: inhibits irrelevant info
con: not always a good judge at waht is/isn't going to be relevant later on - 3 types of misattribution:
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1. cryptomnesia: think you've come up with something but have not
2. think one person said it, but a different person really did
3. surely this must have happened - feel like fact is true - just feel like it's true - PFC used for:
- monitoring - controls false memories, knows that false memories may occur so PFC monitors to pick the right things
- Hippocampus/MTL for misattribution:
- Rely on associations for false memories - associations lead astray
- primary visual cortex for missatribution:
- perceputal info not as strong for things imagnined as things actually seen
- what is suggestibility?
- When you incorporate info from others into your own memory
- an example of suggestability?
- Childhood memories - claim to remember soemthing that happened to you when little, in fact it's just incorporating what others said into your own memory
- Consistency Bias:
- change memories of attitudes to reflect later outcomes - "I knew it all along!"
- Implicit theories:
- I think i'm much different now that I was in the past
- Example of bias:
- w/ implicit theories - exercise programs: think were so much worse than actually were before started
- Misattribution, suggestibility and bias are byproducts of what 3 things?
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1. efficincy: often don't pay attn to info about source unless think it'll be important
2. gist vs verbatim: focus on big ideas not details
3. knowledge/schemas: guide memory, but can also lead astray - Definition and example of persistance:
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a memory you just cannot get rid of
Jury duty: someone says something that is supposed to be dismissed but cannot stop thinking about it! - Why do people tend to focus on negative aspects of emotion?
- Remembering some traumatic events may be good for survival