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Terms
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- Functionally equivalent response
- A response that results in the same reinforcing outcome as an alternative response. The response serves the same function as the alternative response.
- General case programming
- A strategy for promoting generalization that involves the use of multiple training examples (stimulus exemplars) that sample the range of stimulus situations and response variations.
- Natural contingencies of reinforcement
- The reinforcement contingency for the behaviour of a particular person in the normal course of the person’s life.
- Self-generated mediator of generalization
- A behaviour that makes it more likely that one will perform the target behaviour at the right time. A self-instruction that is used to cue the appropriate behaviour at the appropriate time is an example.
- Stimulus exemplars
- Stimuli that represent the range of relevant stimulus situations in which the response is to occur after training. One strategy for promoting generalization is to train sufficient stimulus exemplars.
- Generalization
- A process in which the behaviour occurs in the presence of antecedent stimuli that are similar in some way to the discriminative stimulus present when the behaviour was reinforced.
- Behavioural contract
- A written document that specifies a particular target behaviour for a client and the consequences that will be contingent on the occurrence or non-occurrence of the behaviour in a stated period of time.
- Controlled behaviour
- The target behaviour that is influenced in a self-management project
- Controlling behaviour
- The use of self-management strategies in which the antecedents and consequences of a target behaviour and/or alternative behaviour are modified.
- Goal setting
- A self-management strategy in which the person decides on and writes down the desired level of the target behaviour he or she hopes to achieve as a result of self-management procedures
- Self-instructions
- Self-statements that make it more likely that a target behaviour will occur in a specific situation.
- Self-management
- Behaviour modification procedures used by a person to change his or her own behaviour. In a self-management strategy, the person engages in a behaviour that alters an antecedent or consequence of the target behaviour or alternative behaviour
- Self-praise
- Making positive statements to yourself or providing positive evaluations of your own behaviour after engaging in appropriate behaviour.
- Short-circuiting the contingency
- Occurs when a person arranges a reinforcer for a target behaviour in a self-management project but then takes the reinforcer without first engaging in the target behaviour. May also occur when a person arranges a punisher for a target behaviour but does not implement the punisher after engaging in the target behaviour.
- Social support
- A component of the habit reversal procedure in which a significant other praises the client for correct use of the competing response and prompts the client to use the competing response when the habit behaviour occurs. In general, social support occurs when significant others are involved in implementing contingencies in the natural environment to help a person reach a self-management goal.