lec2 stuffs
Terms
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- Social cognition
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- The study of how people perceive, remember and interpret information about themselves and others.
- The study of how people thinking about social objects. - Social object
- - A physical object that has the ability to engage in social cognition.
- Automatic cognition
- - Thinking that happens quickly.
- Controlled cognition
- - Thinking that is more slow using reasoning.
- Perception
- - Becoming aware of something through senses.
- Pre-attentive processes
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- Rapid (less than 250 ms) processing of a complex (large, multi-element) scene.
- Something that catches your eye or pops out to you. - Gaze detection
- - Noticing when someone is watching you or looking away from you with intent. It is a survival instinct.
- Encoding
- - Selecting information from the environment and storing it in memory.
- Schemas
- - Mental structures used to organize knowledge about the social world around themes or subjects
- Self-fulfilling prophecy
- - The process by which one's expectations about a person eventually lead that person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations.
- Prototype theory of categorization
- - Objects are classified based on similarity to a prototype.
- Semantic network
- - Related concepts are stored closely together in memory.
- Spreading activation
- - Thinking about one concept will activate, prime or make accessible a related concept AND inhibit unrelated concepts.
- Retrieval
- - About accessibility and priming and judgemental heuristics.
- Accessibility
- - The extent to which concepts are at the forefront of your mind that shape perception of the world, other people and yourself.
- Thought supression
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- Suppressed thoughts become hyperaccessible.
- White bear and asked not to think about it. - Priming
- - The process by which recent experiences increase the accessibility of another concept.
- Algorithms
- Mechanical step by step process for arriving at answer, difficult but highly successful
- Heuristics
- Mental shortcuts which are fast and efficient but error prone
- Availability heurisitc
- A mental shortcut whereby people base a judgement on the ease with which they can bring something to mind
- Representativeness heuristic
- - A mental shortcut where people classify something according to how similar it is to a typical case
- Base rate bias
- - A tendency to underestimate the impact of base rates on accurate prediction
- Anchoring and adjustment heuristic
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They work in two steps.
People make judgements using the first answer that came to them as an anchor / then people try to change their view but aren't able to sufficiently - Simulation heuristic
- People overestimate the probability of an event if they can image or simulate it in their minds
- Counterfactual thinking
- Tendency people have to imagine alternative events that might have occurred but did not