Bio2401-2A
Terms
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- Anything that occupies space and has mass
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Matter - Solid,liquid & gas
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3 states of matter - Definite shape & volume (like teeth & bones)
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Solids - Definite volume but changeable shape (blood plasma)
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Liquids - Changeable shape and volume
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Gas - Capacity to do work or put matter into motion
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Energy - Energy in action, energy doing work
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Kinetic Energy - Stored energy, inactive energy
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Potential Energy - Results from movement of charged particles, electricity
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Forms of Energy:
Electrical Energy - Involved in moving, always in motion (riding a bike your legs provide the m/energy to move the pedals)
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Forms of Energy:
Mechanical Energy - Energy that travels in waves (x-ray,light)
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Forms of Energy:
Radiant/Electromagnetic Energy -
Stored in bonds of chemical substance (some of the energy in the foods we eat convert into the energy in moving your arm)
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Forms of Energy:
Chemical Energy - Energy can neither be created nor destroyed
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Thermodynamics:
1st Law
- Energy can be converted from one form to another, some energy is lost as heat
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Thermodynamics:
2nd Law - Basic substance that has unique properties: Physical & chemical
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Elements - Smallest unit of an element
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Atom - One or two letter chemical element (C,carbon; O, oxygen; Ca, Calcium)
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Atomic symbol - p+ bears a positive electrical charge
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Protons - Neutral-no charge
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Neutrons - Number of protons and neutrons
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Atomic Mass Unit - Bear a negative charge equal in strength to the positive charge of the proton
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Electron - Electrons moving around the nucleus in fixed, generally circular orbits
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Planetary Model - Regions around the nucleus in which a given electron or electron pair is likely to be found most of the time.
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Orbitals - Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N)
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4 Elements that's 96% of body weight - Number of protons in a nucleus
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Atomic Number - An average of the relative weights of all the isotopes of an element
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Atomic Weight - Two or more structures in an element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
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Isotopes - The process of atomic decay
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Radioisotopes - Two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
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Molecule -
When two or more different kinds of atoms bind (two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen to form water)
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Compound - Two or more compounds mixed together
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Mixture - Homogeneous mixture (evenly mixed)
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Solution - Dissimilar in different areas of the mixture (water being trapped by the molecules)
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Colloid - Heterogeneous mixture, large, often visible solutes that tend to settle out.
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Suspension - Parts per 100 parts of the solute in the total solution
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Percent Solution - Sum of the atomic weight
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Molecular weight -
Any element or compound that is equal to its atomic weight, weighed out in grams.
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Mole - Moles per meter
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Molarity - A mole of any substance always contains exactly the same number of solute particles, that is 6.02 x 10 to the (23 power)
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Avogadro's Number - Water that has two poles of charge
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Dipole - Whenever chemical bonds are formed, rearranged or broken
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Chemical reaction - When atoms or molecules combine to form a larger, more complex molecule
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Synthesis or
Combination Reaction - Parts of the reactant molecules change partners, producing different product molecules (AB + C = AC + B)
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Exchange or
Displacement Reactions - Reactions that release energy
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Exergonic Reaction