chem 130 test 1

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The study of matter and the changes it undergoes is called: chemistry
The ancient greek philosophers were not successful as scientists because they: failed to test their ideas with experiments
who first argued that science should be experimental rather than just speculative?: francis bacon
the main theme of rachel carson's "silent spring" was that life on earth would be destroyed by: pesticides
to gather information to support or discredit a hypothesis, a scientist: conducts experiments
the declaration that mass is always conserved when chemical changes occur is an example of a chemical: law
a successful theory: can be used to predict behavior under different conditions
which of the following is not a hypothesis?: a psychic can locate a corpse when conditions are right
a possible explanation for a collection of observations is called a: theory
which of the following is not an example of matter?: love
which of the following is an example of matter: air
two identical items of earth are taken to the moon where they have...: the same mass but not the same weight
what kind of change alters the identity of a material: chemical
bending glass tubing is a flame involves a: physical change
transforming liquid water into ice involves a: physical change
which of the following is a chemical property?: iron rusts
which of the following is an example of a physical change?: sheep are sheared and the wool is spun into yarn
which of the following is an example of a chemical change?: a lawn is watered and fertilized and the grass grows thicker
which state of matter has neither a definite volume nor a definite shape?: gas
which of the following is a mixture?: carbonated water
which of the following is not an element?: bronze
a compound can be separated into its elements by: chemical means
the smallest part of an element is an: atom
the symbol for potassium is: K
the symbol for calcium is: Ca
the SI unit for length is the: Meter
the SI unity for mass is the: kilogram
the prefix that means 10 ^ -3 is: milli-
a meter is about 10% longer than a: yard
one cubic centimeter is equal to one: milliliter
one quart is slightly less than: liter
a rope is 5775 cm long. what is it's length in kilometers: 0.05775 km
which of the following has a mass of roughly 1g?: peanut
which of the following has a thickness of roughly 1 cm?: writing tablet
which of the following has a volume of roughly 250 mL?: 1 cup
the density of a wood plank floating in the lake is: less than that of water
a pebble and a lead sinker both sink when dropped into a pond. this shows that the two objects are: both more dense than water
ice floats on liquid water. a reasonable value for the density of ice is: 0.92 g/cm^3
a 49er panning for gold shakes a mixture of mud, gravel, and water in a pan. He looks for gold at the bottom because gold...: has a high density and sinks
which of the following metals will sink in a pool of mercury?: uranium
heat is...: energy flow from a hot object to a cold one
the SI scale for temperature is known as the: Kelvin Scale
water freezes at: 0 degrees celcius
to convert a celsius temperature to kelvins, we...: add 273
the SI unit of energy is the: joule
consider the ideas of discrete and continuous as applied to materials at the macroscopic level. Which of the following would be continuous?: apple juice
the view that matter was continuous rather than atomic prevailed for centuries because it was: not tested by experiment
for any chemical change, compared to the mass of the reactants, the mass of the products is: always equal
in an experiment in which 36.04 g of liquid water is decomposed into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas, the total mass of the product is: 36.04 g
the ancient greeks thought that water was an element. in 1800 nicholson and carlisle decomposed water into hydrogen and oxygen. their experiment proved that: water is not an element
the fact that water from any place on earth is always 89% oxygen and 11% hydrogen by the mass illustrates: the law of definite proportions
Ammonia produced in an industrial plant contains 3.0 kg of hydrogen for every 14.0 kg of nitrogen. The ammonia dissolved in a window-cleaning preparation contains 30.0 g of hydrogen for every 140.0 g of nitrogen, what does this illustrate?...: The law of definite proportions
When 6.00 g of carbon is burned in 16.00 g of oxygen, 22.00 g of carbon dioxide is formed. What mass of carbon dioxide is formed when 6.00 g of carbon is burned in 75.00 g of oxygen?...: 22.00 g
according to dalton, elements are distinguished from each other by the: weights of their atom
dalton postulated that atoms were indestructible and immutable to explain why: mass is conserved in chemical reactions
dalton viewed chemical change as: a rearrangement of atoms
a substance that only contains one kind of atom is called: element
how many types of atoms are present in a given compound: at least 2
mendeleev's periodic table had all the following features except that in it he: announced the discovery of new elements
relative masses in the modern periodic table are based on: a carbon-12 isotope value
approximate number of elements known today is: 100
the recycling of materials is possible because atoms: are conserved
a molecule is: a group of atoms chemically bonded together
the use of electricity to cause a chemical reaction is called: electrolysis
during electrolysis of molten sodium hydroxide, sodium cations move to the: cathode, which is negatively charged
cathode rays are not: composed of particles with a mass of 1 u
thomson used a cathode ray to discover that cathode rays: could be deflected by an electric field
when jj thomson discovered the electron, he measured its: mass-to-charge ratio
in his oil-drop experiment, millikan determined the charge of an electron by: noting that the drops had either a certain minimum charge or multiples of that charge
when roentgen took an x ray photograph of a hand, the bones showed up slightly dar because the x rays were: absorbed by bone more so than by flesh
radioactivity arises from elements that: are unstable and release radiation
the mass of an alpha particle is about: four times that of a hydrogen atom
compared to the charge on an electron (designated -1), that on an alpha particle is about: +4
a beta particle is an: electron
the mass of a gamma ray is: 0u
from his gold foil experiment, rutherford concluded that atoms consist mainly of: empty space
the positively charged part of the atom is its: nucleus
the three basic components of an atom are: protons, neutrons, and electrons
the identity of an element is determined by its: number of protons
compared to a proton, the mass of an electron is about: 1800 times smaller
which particles have approximately the same mass?: neutrons and protons
a change in the number of neutrons of an atom produces an: isotope
the number of protons plus neutrons in an atom is its: nucleon number
How many protons (p) and how many neutrons (n) are there in a 146C nucleus?...: 6p, 8n
a neutral atom has 11 electrons and 12 neutrons, its atomic number is: 11
the nuclear symbol for barium-138 is: 138 56 BA
when an electron in an atom goes from a lower energy level to a higher one, the electron: absorbs energy
the maximum number of electrons in the first shell of an atom is: 2
the maximum number of electrons in the fourth main shell of an atom is: 32
the main shell electron configuration of silicon is: 2,8,4
the main shell electron configuration of sulfur is: 2,8,6
the shape of a 1s orbital is best described as: spherical
the maximum number of electrons in an atomic orbital: is always 2
which one of the following is the highest energy subshell: 3p
what is the lowest numbered main shell in which d orbitals are found: 3
which subshell has a total of 3 orbitals: p
a 3d subshell is located in what main shell?: 3
the electron capacity of the 4p subshell is: 6
elements within a period of the periodic table have the same number of: occupied main energy shells
the alkaline earth metals are found in group: 2A
what is the total number of valence electrons in an atom of iodine?: 7
atoms of a fourth-period element in the ground state must have: electrons in the fourth main shell

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