MedSurg
Terms
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- Long Bones
- have rounded ends, bear weight
- Short bones
- small, bear little/no weight
- Flat bones
- protect vital organs, hold blood cells
- Sesamoid bone
- least common, develops in a tendon
- Two ends of bone:
- epiphysis
- Middle of Bone:
- Diaphysis
- Outer bone:
- cortex, made of compact bone tissue
- Haversian system:
- network carries blood , nutrients, o2 to bone & lacunae
- Osteoblast: Osteoclast:
- bone forming cell bone destroying cell
- Sympathetic nerves
- control dilation of blood vessels
- Afferent nerve fibers
- transmit pain signals
- Joint
- where 2 bones come together, allows flexibilty
- ball and socket: Hinge: pivot:
- movement in any direction motion in only one plane rotation only
- PQRST Assessment
- P-rovoking incident? Q-uality of pain R- region, relief? S-severity? T-time? how long it lasts?
- Stance Gait abnormality
- Antalgic
- Swing Gait abnormality
- lurch
- Assessment of the head/neck
- crepitus- grating sound look for tenderness or inability to flex/extend neck
- Assessment of upper extremities
- ask to make a fist and touch opposing fingers, check shoulders for swelling or deform
- Assessment of Lower extremities
- Effusion- fluid build up in knee
- Assessment of muscular system
- have them squeeze bp cuff, resistance to arms