ophthamology terms
Terms
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- accommodation
- adjustments made by the eye in order to focus on objects at various distances
- Amblyopia
- reduced vision in an eye as a result of not having had enough use in childhood (lazy eye)
- anisocoria
- having pupils that are uneven in size
- Gerontoxon(Arcus senilis)
- a grey and white ring that develops on the cornea as a result of cholesterol deposits. common with aging
- Argyll robertson pupil
- a pupil that does not constrict in response to a direct light source, but will constrict with accommadation
- arteriovenous nicking(AV nicking)
- occurs in hypertension at points on the retina where arteries and veins cross. the stiff arteries compress the more pliant veins causing them to constrict
- Blepharopasm
- an involuntary contraction of the eyelid that can occur with local irritation, emotional stress, or neurologic impairment
- chemosis
- swelling caused by an accumulation of fluid in the mucous membranes of the eye
- coloboma
- an incomplete closure of the optic fissure, resulting in a gap that can occur in different locations, such as the eyelid, iris, lens, choroid or optic disc.
- consensual light reflex
- the constrictions of the pupil in response to a light source shone on the opposite pupil
- corneal light reflex
- the reflection of a light directed at both eyes should appear in the same spot on each of the eyes
- corneal reflex
- a protective response in which the eyelid closes when the cornea is touched
- diopter
- an instrument used to measure the refractive ability of a lens
- diplopia
- double vision that is a result of defective function of the extraocular muscles or the nerves that innervate these muscles
- direct light reflex
- the constriction of the pupil in response to a light source shone directly at it.
- Ectropion
- a condition in which the eyelid sags and turns outward away from the eye
- Emmetropia
- the ideal state of the eye in which there are no refractive errors. Normal state of vision.
- endophoria
- a misalignment of the eyes with one deviating inward
- entropion
- a condition in which the eyelid turns inward towards the eye
- epiphora
- excessive tearing of the eye
- Exophoria
- a misalignment of the eyes with one eye deviating outward
- Exophtalmos
- protrusion of the eyeballs
- Floaters
- dars spots that appear to float in the visual field; caused by debris in the vitreous humor
- Glaucoma
- condition caused by increased intraocular pressure
- heterophoria
- involuntary deviation that causes one eye to become misaligned with the other
- Hyphema
- a mhemorrhage in the anterior chamber of the eye
- Hypopyon
- accumulation of pus in the anterior chamber of the eye
- Lacrimation
- secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands
- Miosis
- abnormal contraction of the sphincter muscle of the iris, causes sustained constriction of the pupil
- Mydriasis
- abnormal contraction of the dilator muscle of the iris, causes sustained dilation of the pupil
- Nyctalopia
-
night blindness; a condition in which one may have normal vision with adequate lighting, but poor vision in dim light or night time
- Nystagmus
- bilateral involuntary movement of the eyes
- PERRLA
-
Pupils equal,Round, React to
Light, and Accommodation - Papilledema
- swelling of the optic disk due to an increase in intra cranial pressure
- Photophobia
- abnormal sensitivity to light due to natural or artificial light
- Physiologic cupping
- small circular indentation within the optic disk were blood vessels enter and exit
- Presbyopia
- natural deterioration of the ability to accommodate; occurs in aging
- Ptosis
- droopig the the eyelids
- Red reflex
- e red glow that appears over the pupil in response to light being shone on the eye. (red eye)
- Retinitis
- inflammation of the retinas
- Sclera icterus
- yellowing of the sclera; indication of jaundice
- Scotoma
- area of defective vision within the visual field, blind spot, can occur in both eyes
- Strabismus
- misalignment of the eyes caused by an impairment of the ocular muscles, which limits the ability to focus both eyes in unison on an object
- Trichiasis
- inward growth of eyelashes causing irritation to the eyeball
- Xerophthalmia
- abnormal dryness of the cornea that occurs with a deficiency in vitamin A