Study Guide Development of Abusiveness
Terms
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- what evidence in a study by livesly suggestes a hertiable factor for associted with absusiveness
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studied 90 monozygotic and 85 dizogtoic twins
found
high heratiblity
affective liability
identity problems
intimayc problems
rejections enstiivty
all o these facotr s releated to BPO and BPD. - 2. What was the main contribution of the work by Schore to understanding abusiveness?
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right hemispehrs structures have growth spurt beginning at last trimester up until 1.5 years of life
hence emtion governing neural structures develop before language acqusition
optimal development of emotion regulating brain depends on attuned dydaatic interaction in mother child attachment
most important relationship in your life is the only you have already had cannot remember - 3. What was Tremblay & Nagin's main finding? What does this suggest about anger?
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argue that ther is not learned agression, but naturally occuring display and that the child learns to inhbits agression as they get older.
aggressive outbursts peak frequency at 18 months then start to decline in frequency - serbins main findings (concordia) longitudinal risk project
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agressive children from both sexes had lower IQs and academic acheivment than comparison controls.
both were physically agressive during play
girls aggression was associated for male parnter who were also aggressive
in teenager years had higher substance abuse, pregnancy sexual tansmissted disease, anxiety and depression.
grew up to have agressive parenting style
children more vistis to the hosptial -
5. How were Aggressive and Withdrawn categories (for children) established in this study?
serbin - teachers evaluations
- 7. What mediated the relationship of attachment style to abusiveness in the study by Follingstad?
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they found that anxous attachment style, resulting from early life experinces led to the development of a angery temperment. which in turn realted to a attempt to cntorl the use abuse against of an intimate parnter.
the model predicted abusiveness of both genders. - what defines a personality disorder
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enduring pattern of inner experiences and Beauvoir that deviates markedly from the expectations of individuals and cultures.
affecting
cognitition
affectivity
interpersonal functioning
enduring pattern that is inflexible pervasive that acts across a broad range of social situations
enduring pattern is not due to direct physiological effects of substance abuse. - what is NEM How is it defined why is it important to understanding abusiveness.
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NEM
compenste of agression aleination and exreme stress reactions.
NEM emotionality measure in women at age 15 predicted their use of violence towards intimate at age 21 - 10. In the study by Ehrensaft et al, what was the strongest predictor of IPV? How did it operate?
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conduct disorder strongest predictor of perpetration by both sexes
essentialy conduct failed to dissipate over time in some individuals instead of developing into a variety of adult personality disroders.
ehrenshaft call these development personality disroder rajectories
itwa s the personality disoturvance not the geneder the predicted voielcne - 11. In the Dunedin study, what did Magdol find predicted IPV? Did this differ by gender of the perpetrator?
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1) antisocial behvoir in females at age 15 predicted their use of intimate agression against male intimates at age of 21
2) women conduct problems correlated with their later use of violence against their partners. .44
also correlated .36 with this use of violence towards her.
the correlations were roughtly similar (between men and women) not significantly different, - what features characterize antisocial PD
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pervasive pattern of disregard for voilations of the rights of others since age 15 and indlcuding 3 of the follwoing
- repeated law breaking
- decietfullness
- impulsivity
- irritability
disrgard to saftey
consistnet irrssonsiblity lack of remorse.
must be at least 18 or its classified as conduct disorder. - Moffits work on dunedin sample
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analyzing data from the same peer cohor moffit foun anti social traits measures at age 15
1) made them more likley to become overinvovled in a realtionship with a abusive man at age 21
evena after controlling for their partners physical abuse women with a juvenile history of conduct problems were still more likely to commit violence against their partner. -
mofit characteristics of women who partake in IPV
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1) approval of voilence
2) excessive jealously and suspicousness
3) a tendency to experince rapid negative emtions and poor self control
predicted whether dundein women would engage in voilence toward sthier parnters and non intimates too three years later. - the abusive personality moffit
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jealously, fluctuations eemtions and poor self control.
mofit found that Negative emotionality predicted abusiveness in both genders - how is NEM measured
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reactions to stress
experince of emtion
expecations of others
attitudes towards using agression m - 16. What is the cycle of violence? How many phases to it? Why was it initially difficult to explain?
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tension building
battering
calm stage - what is BPD waht aspects of it suggest its role in cycle of voilence
- proclivity for intesne unstable realtinships characterized by intermittend underming of signficant others manipulation and masked dependancy.
- 18. According to Westen & Shedler what factors describe Borderline PD? How did they capture their data?
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Tends to be angery hostile
- Tends to be anxous
- Tends to react to criticism with feelings of rage
- Tends to be overly needy or dependant, requires excessive reassurance or approval
- Tends to feel misunderstood, mistreated or vicmtized
- Irrational
- Tend to feeling helpess powerless and
- Pweors tructures
- Catosprhise
- Emotions tend to change rapidly and unpredictably.
- Based on factor scores of clincials q sort descriptions
- 20. What was the basic methodology of the Dutton study on The Abusive Personality
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assessed borderline tendencies attachment trauma symptoms anger in male court mandiated treatment group
correalted thier personality varibles with thier wives reports of abusiveness
BPO scale and subscales and anger scale strongly correlated with wives reports of emtion physical abuse and emonization - what is the attachment behvoir system
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three important principles which drive infant attachment behvoir system of a infant
second when this system is intensely active only physical contact with the attachment will serve to terminate it
finnaly attachment ssytem activated for long time without reaching termiantion angry behvori regualrlary observed in t4h infant
if anger follows unment attahcment needs - 26. How does this system give us an insight into human separation phenomena? (attachment behvoiral sytem)
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seperation
1) activates the attachment behvoiral ssytem
2) includes extreme arousal
3) child forms sence of seperate self at 12-18 months
4) peak temper tanrum occurs at 18 months - what is an internal model of a secure base what important function does it serve
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an infant will develop a safe haven when he/ she can go to have distressed soothes
will develop an internal model of secure base and a internal schema of self atatchment figure
- bartholomews model of attachment 2 factors vay
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secure
preoccupied
dismissing
fearfull
models of other negative pother - what is fearfull angery attachment style
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low self esteem
feels unappricated in work with others
converts anxiety into anger
uses control to cover dependancy
high levels of jealosy
verabally and physicall abuseive
externalizes blame consistently
experiences depression