moe3
Terms
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- social values, law and politics, demographics, technology, economy
- macro environment
- substitutes, rivals, suppliers, buyers, new entrants
- competitive environment
- a group or individuals who are affected or affect the organization and its output contribution in return for inducement
- stakeholders
- cooperative action independent action moving to a different environment
- strategies for influencing the environment
- contracts cooptation coalition
- cooperative action
- competitive aggression, competitive pacification, public relations, voluntary action, legal action, political action
- independent action
- domain selection, diversification, mergers and acquisition, divestiture
- moving to a different environment
- legal agreement between two parties, influencing the environment
- contract
- absorbing new elements into an organization to avoid threats
- cooptation
- two or more parties action together for a common purpose
- coalition
- entering an industry/market with min competition and easy distribution
- domain selection
- selling the company's assets
- divestiture
- competition, substitutes, capital requirements, brand loyalty
- environmental attractiveness
- population, total GNP, per capita GNP, economic stability, legal system, geographic proximity, trade barriers, transportation, customer behavior, competition, political stability, cultural access
- spheres of economic influence
- multinational international transnational global
- organizational models
- several subsidiaries operating as stand alone business units in multiple countries
- multinational
- uses existing capabilities to expand to foreign companies
- international
- specialized facilities permit local responsiveness, complex coordination mechanism provide global response
- transnational
- views the world as a single market
- global
- exporting licensing and franchising joint venture wholly owned subsidiary
- modes of entry
- + economies of scale, control, consistent with pure global strategy - trade barriers, transaction costs, some products can't be exported
- exporting
- + lower operating costs, lower political risks - loss of control, threat to quality, lower margins
- licensing and franchising
- + local knowledge, shared cost and risk, may be the only option - potential conflict between parties, political risk, shared profits
- joint venture
- + control, profit - cost, risk higher the risk the greater the return
- wholly owned subsidiary
- host country national expatriates third country nationals
- worldwide managers
- power distance individualism/collectivism uncertain avoidance masculinity/femininity
- dimensions of cultural differences
- the extent to which a society accepts the fact that power is distributed unequally
- power distance
- the extent to which a person acts on their own or as a group
- individualism/collectivism
- the extent to which society feels threaten by uncertainty or ambiguous
- uncertainty avoidance
- the extent to which society values quantities of life over the qualities of life
- masculinity/femininity
- a native of a country in which an overseas subsidiary is located
- host country national
- sent to work for a foreign subsidiary
- expatriates
- a native of a country that is not the host or home countru
- third country national
- exploiting a distinctive competence
- competitive aggression
- peace offering
- competitive pacification
- establishing and maintaining a image favorable with the public
- public relations
- commitment to various causes good PR
- voluntary action
- invoking your statue (image)
- legal action
- lobbying and pattens
- political action