Chinese myths & legends 2
Terms
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- Mahayana
- became principle type of Buddhism in China
- Buddhism 5 paths
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Heaven
Human
Animal
Ghost
Hell - Karma
- Ethical totality of all that you do, in this life and in previous lives
- Samsara
- turning wheel, life death rebirth
- Ava Loki Tesvara
-
" listen to the cries of us"
comes to the aide of believers (house on fire, boat sinking) - Maitreya
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Happy Buddha
can come to the aide of believers, or believers can appear in his heaven - Avadana
- her stories
- sutra
- carrying the words of the Buddha
- Shastra
- essays by learned Buddhist scholars
- The five precepts
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Kill living things
take what is not given
engage in improper sexual contact
speak falsehoods
use intoxicants
- indigenous chinese beliefs
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Mt tai ruled ghostly realm and maintains registers of living and dead
netherworld has bureaucratic structure similar to imperial administration
widespread respect for elders and authority: filal piety, loyalty - Important philosophers in Daoism
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Lao Zi
Lie Zi
Zhuang Zu - Daoist supreme dieties
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Jade Emperor
Yuhuang dadi
Yu-huangta-ti - Taishan
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ruler of the eastern peak in Daoism
Presides over human life
this is an outgrowth of the earlier Lord of Mount Tai, who was a netherworld god - First hell
- contains "Mirror of the wicked" in which can be seen all of the beinfs that the person has harmed
- Fifth Hell
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Yama (sent here because he was to lenient in the first hell)
- Tenth Hell
-
It is the exit chamber where future lives are initiated
No punishments
Dame Meng is in this hell. She prepares the "broth of Oblivion" which causes everyone to forget the hells and their previous incarnations - Bodhi Sattva
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group of enlightened people who as they approach enlightenment they take a vow, called the "Bodhi Sattva Vow"
They vow to stay in the world to help other achieve enlightenment
Only when all being achieve Enlightenment then the Bodhi Sattva can go to Nirvana - Jataka
- tell of somthing that happened during a previous life of our Buddha (Sakyamuni)
- Vinaya
- Buddhist rules for the monastic community
- Chinese Buddhist miracles tales borrowed their form from
- Indigenous Chinese "strange tale" genre
- Ts'ai Chinh's Wife
- a "strange tale" not a buddhist tale
- Daoism and immortality
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Common foods were avoided
special diet was used
elixirs/potions/drugs were ingested= chinese alchemy
Cinnabar was often used
Breaks blood vessels when ingested
gives rudy complexion considered youthful
Immortals could reside in heaven
Immortals lived in Isles of the Blest in the Eastern Sea - Daoism religious movements
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Five pecks of Rice
Yellow turbans -
Eight Immortals
Zhang Guo -
o rides white donkey
o carries a long narrow bamboo drum
o he is associated with old men -
Eight Immortals
Li Tieguai -
o Portrayed as a poorly dressed and crippled beggar
o He wears rags and carries an iron crutch
o He often carries a gourd (symbol of immortality)
o left his body, servant cremated body -
Eight Immortals
Han Xiangzi -
o Portrayed holding or playing flute
o His is said to be the nephew of the famous Tang scholar Han Yu
o Said to have died when he fell out of a peach tree -
Eight immortals
Lan Caihe -
o Sometimes portrayed as a male, sometimes as female
o lived as a hermit during tang dynasty
o shown with a basket of flowers and carrying a hoe over one shoulder -
Eight Immortals
Cao Cuojiu -
o supposedly related to the Song dynasty imperial family
o portrayed with a beard and a pair castanets
o sometimes he holds a jade audience tablet
o he is associated with actors - Other two of eight immortals
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He Xiangzi
Zhongli Quan - Wu Zixu
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o actually euhermerized
o Committed susiced with a sword given to him by the king
o became recognized as the god of the Quiantang River tidal bore - Qu Yuan
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o Actually euhemerized
o committed suicide by leaping into a tributary of the Yangtze river
o replaced Wu Zixu as the figure associated with the Dragon Boat Festival - Guan Yu
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o one of the most widely popular gods in traditional China
o In Popular religion
- Defends against demons
- Kills demons
- Breaks spells
o In "official religions"
- Protector of the empire
- Patron of the empire
- Patron of military officers - Yue Fei
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A historical person, Song Dynasty General