Management 201 Exam II chpt 15
Terms
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- the liking of departments and jobs within and organization
- organizational structure
-
The process of dividing
work in the organization
to maximize productivity - Differentiation
- Three Classic Forms of Differentiation
-
Horizontal
Vertical
Spatial -
The degree of differentiation between organizational sub-units
exmp: University - Horizontal Differentiation
-
The flow of authority and responsibility in a specialized unit with independent authority
exmp: SBA - Vertical Differentiation
-
Geographic dispersion of organization locations: offices, plants, and personnel
exmp: Lakeshore Campus, Watertower Campus, Rome Campus etc - Spatial Differentiation
-
The process of coordinating
the work of different
parts of the organization - integration
- 6 basic dimensions of organizational design
-
Formalization
Centralization
Specialized
Standardized
Complex
Hierarchy of authority -
the degree
to which the organization
has official rules,
regulations, and procedures
exmp: Government - Formailization
-
the degree
to which decisions are
made at the top of the
organization
Exmp: Headquarters - Centralization
-
the degree to
which jobs are
narrowly
defined and
depend on
unique
expertise
e.g Lab - Specialization
-
the degree to which work
activities are accomplished
in a routine fashion
Simple Manufacturing - Standardization
-
the degree to
which many different types
of activities occur in the
organization
Complex Manufacturing - Complexity
-
the degree of vertical differentiation across levels of management
University - Hierarchy of Authority
- Five Organizational Structural Configurations
-
Simple
Adhocracy
Divisional
Machine Bureaucracy
Professional Bureaucracy -
a centralized form of organization that
emphasizes the upper echelon and direct
supervision
Small Company - Simple Structure
-
a selectively decentralized form of
organization that emphasizes the
support staff and mutual adjustment
among people
Professional Firm - Adhocracy
-
a moderately decentralized
form of organization
that emphasizes the
middle level and
standardization of outputs - Divisional Form
-
a moderately
decentralized form of
organization that
emphasizes the
technical staff and
standardization of
work processes - Machine Bureaucracy
-
a decentralized
form of
organization that
emphasizes the
operating level
and standardization
of skills - Professional Bureaucracy
- Four contextual variables that influence organizational structure
-
Size
Technology
Environment
Strategy & goals - Four Forces Reshaping Organizations
-
Organization Life Cycle
Market pressure demands
Globalization
Expansion & new markets
Technology
Changes in information-technologies
Demands on Organizational Processes
Focus on efficiency & quality -
Delay in
decision making
Poor quality
decision making
Lack of innovative
response to changing
environment
High level of
conflict - Four Causes of Organizational Weakness