STEP 1, Micro: Misc Bacteria
Terms
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Spirochetes:
3 -
BLT:
Borrelia Burgdorferi
Leptospira
Treponemal - Syphillis
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Spirochete:
Treponema Pallidum
"I took a trip to a palace and got Syphillis" -
Tropical disease
flu like symptoms
Water contaminated with animal urine -
Spirochete:
Leptospira interrogans
"I leapt into the water, but an animal had peed in it and I got the flu." -
Lyme Disease
1. Causal Organism
2. Vector -
Spirochete:
1. Borrelia Burgdorferi
2. Ixodes Tick
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Lyme Dx
1. Causal Organism
2. Treat with _____
3. Symptom Progression -
1. Borrelia Burgdorferi (Spirochete)
2. Doxyclycline, ceftriaxone
3. Flulike --> Neuro --> Joints -
Painless Chancre
Sexually ACtive - Primary Syphillis
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Maculopapular Rash
Condyloma LATA -
Secondary Syphillis
Can Look at treponemes from condylomata lata - Gummas, Aortic degeneration, Tabes Dorsalis, nonreactive pupils
- Tertiary Syphilis
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1. 2 tests for treponemes:
2. Best: -
1. VDRL, FTA-ABS
1. FTA-ABS
VDRL reacts to beef cardiolipin and can be positive for viral infections (mono and hep), SLE, leprosy, etc. -
Leprosy
1. Caused by:
2. Infects ___ and ____.
3. 2 treatment options -
1. Mycobacterium Leprae
Acid fast Bacillusthat prefers cool temps
2. Skin, nerves
3. Long term oral Dapsone
rifampin + clofazamine and Dapsone
- Plague
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Yersinia Pestis
"I am Plagued by Yer Pests, esp these prairie dogs" - Cat Scratch Fever
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Bartonella
"Bart has a cat" (a in Bart and Cat)
Bruce : no "a" - Undulant Fever
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Brucella
unpasteurized dairy products, contact with animals
Bruce has a "u", as in "U"ndulant Fever
- Cellulitis with pet bite
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Pasteurella multocida
Child comes in with pet bite and swollen arm -
H Pylori
Treat with:
1.
2. -
1. M BeTA
Metronidazole + Bismuth + either Tetracycline or Amoxicillin
2. MOC
Metronidazole + Omeprazole + Clarithromycin -
Gardnerella
1. Infects _____
2. G __, ____ (shape)
3. _______ under microscpoy
4. Treat with ______
5. Diagnose w _____ or _____ -
1. Female vaginal tract
2. Gram variable, pleomorphic shape
3. Clue cells
4. 7 day course of Metronidazole
5. Microscopy, whiff test (fishy odor) -
Rickettsial type and disease:
Ricki has PET Cocks -
Ricki = rickettsii: Rocky Mt Spotted fever
PET=
Prowazekii: EPIdemic Typhus
Erlichia: Erlichiosis
Typhi: ENdemic Typhus
Cocks = Coxiella: Q Fever -
Rocky Mt Spotted Fever
1. Vector
2. symptom
3. Location prevalence -
1. Tick
2. rash on palms and feet -spreads out to in
3. East coast
"This spotted tick bit me on my hand and foot when I was in Virginia" -
Typhus
1. Vectors
2. Symptom -
1. ENdemic: Fleas
"There is a flea at the end of my type writer."
EPIdemic: Louse
"The view from the prow was epic until I saw the typhoon"
Prowazekii and ePidemic
2. Truncal rash: spreads center outwards -
Rickettsiae:
1. Must live _____
2. Need ____ and _____ -
1. inside cell
2. CoA, NAD+ - Coxiella is different because it is trasmitted via ______, can live ____, and causes __(Dx)___ with no __(symptom)____.
- aerosol, outside a host, pneumonia, rash
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Rickettsia
Treat with _____. - Tetracycline
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Chlamydiae
1. Must live ____.
2. Has 2 forms:
3. Seen in lab as ____ -
1. Inside cells
2. Elementary Bodies: small, enter cell via endocytosis
Reticular bodies: replicate inside cell w fission
3. cytoplasmic inclusions on giesma stain -
Chlamidiae
Types:
1. ABC
2. L1,2,3
3. D-K -
1. ABC, think Africa, Blindness, Chronic
2. L think Lymphogranuloma venereum and positive Frei test
3. D-K everything else (including urethritis and PID) -
Chlamydiae
Treat with _____ -
Oral erythromycin or tetracycline
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Bacterial food poisoning:
1. Rice
2. undercooked meat
3. Cans
4. Mayo -
1. Bac Cereus
2. Clostridium Perfringens
3. Botulinum
4. S Aureus -
Meningitis
Protein and pressure UP, Sugar DOWN
1. PMNs
2. Lymphocytes -
1. Bacterial
2. Fungal -
Meningitis
Protein and Pressure normal to UP
Sugar NORMAL -
Viral
Think Coxsackie (enterovirus), HSV, HIV