Practice Qs
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- Describe (in words and/or graphs) the transfer of sound pressure from free field to the i) cochlea, ii) ear canal (at TM) without the pinna and concha, and iii) concha and ear canal combined.
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- Describe (in words and/or graphs) the function of the middle-ear system (include its sound transfer characteristics).
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- Describe (words and/or graphs) the BM motion to tones of i) high frequency (eg 4000 Hz), and ii) low frequency (eg 250 Hz). Discuss this in term of i) BM displacement amplitude, ii) phase/time, and iii) underlying physics/physiology.
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- The motion of the BM is not always linear. Describe (in words and/or graphs) input-output functions for a tone at the CF of a particular BM location vs. that for a tone lower than the CF. What are the consequences of the non-linearity? What happens to the
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- Provide behavioural and physiologic evidence obtained from living humans that the cubic distortion product exists in normal hearing.
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- Draw and label the 3 "cochlear" potentials which might be seen in response to a 1000-Hz tone of 10-ms duration. What are the effects of stimulus intensity on the amplitude on one of these potentials?
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- Describe how neural (eg for a single 8th nerve) tuning curves are obtained. Draw tuning curves (label x & y axes) for a high frequency fibre (eg 10000 Hz) vs a lower frequency fibre (eg 1500 Hz).
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- Describe the afferent and efferent neural connections between the central nervous system and the cochlea.
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- Describe how i) stimulus intensity, and ii) stimulus frequency are coded within the auditory system (or at least within the cochlea and 8th nerve.)
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- What are auditory evoked potentials? Outline the auditory evoked potentials originating from the 8th nerve, the brainstem, and the auditory cortex that may be recorded non-invasively from humans. Describe the current clinical use of one of these.
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- Describe the effects of stimulus exposure factors on temporary and/or permanent threshold shifts (TTS/PTS). Specifically, outline the effects of i) stimulus level, ii) duration of exposure, iii) stimulus fq spectrum, and iv) temporal pattern of exposure s
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