A&P. Muscular System
Terms
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- Muscle
-
cells that can shorten & contract.
skeletal, smooth, cardiac - Skeletal muscle (function)
- moves bones of skeleton, locomotion
- Cardiac Muscle (function)
- everything with heart, keeps it beating
- Smooth muscle (function)
- carries out the unconscious internal movements
- "Myo" =
- muscle
- "Sacro" =
- muscle cells
- "Myology" =
- study of muscles
- "Myositis" =
- inflammation of muscle tissue
- "Sacroplasm" =
- cytoplasm of a muscle cell
- Skeletal muscle (characteristics)
- voluntary striated muscle
- Tendons
- tough fibrous connective tissue bands. attach most muscles to bone
- Aponeuroses
- broad sheets of fibrous connective tissue. connect some muscles to bones/other muscles.
- Origin of the Muscle
- muscle attachment site. minimal movement. generally more stable.
- Insertion of the Muscle
- attachment site that has more movement.
- Fixator
- muscle that stabilizes a joint so that other muscles can produce effective movements of other joints
- Prime Mover
- aka Agonist. describes a muscle or muscle group that directly produces a desired movement
- Agonist
- aka Prime Mover. describes a muscle or muscle group that directly produces a desired movement.
- Antagonist Muscle
- muscle or muscle group that directly opposes the action of a prime mover muscle or muscle group that is directly producing a desired movement
- 6 physical characteristics of muscles
- action, shape, location, direction of fibers, number of heads or divisions, attachment sites,
- Cutaneous Muscles
- thin, broad, superficial, in the underlying connective tissue beneath skin, little or no attachment to bones, allow to twitch skin
- Mastication
- chewing
- Head Muscles (functions)
- mastication, control facial expressions, move sensory structures
- abdominal muscles (functions)
- support the abdominal organs, flex the lower back, defecation, urination, parturition, vomiting, regurgitation
- 4 abdominal muscles
- external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis
- Thoracic limb muscles
- muscles in the front limb that aid in locomotion
- Brachium/Brachial
- upper arm