H&N Muscles
Terms
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- Elevates eyebrows and root of nose, wrinkles forehead
- Frontalis*
- Draws scalp back, wrinkles back of head
- Occipitalis - VII
- Depress corner of mouth (frowning)
- Depressor Anguli Ori - VII
- Draws angle of the mouth upward nad laterally (smiling)
- Zygomatic major - VII
- Raises upper lip
- Levator labii superioris - VII
- Depresses lower lip
- Depressory labii inferioris - VII
- Elevates corner of the mouth
- Levator Anguli Oris - VII
- Closes the mouth and purses the lips in whistling or sucking
- Orbicularis Oris* - VII
- Aids mastication by pressing cheeks against teeth. Compresses cheeks during blowing
- Buccinator* - VII
- Closes the oribital opening and encourages flow of tears by helping to empty lacrimal sac
- Orbicularis oculi - VII
- Draws medial angle of eyebrow down
- Procerus - VII
- Compresses and widen anterior nasal aperature
- Nasalis - VII
- Widens nasal aperature
- Depressor septi - VII
- Draws corner of the mouth down, depresses mandible and tenses skin of neck
- Platysma* - VII
- Elevation of mandible. Retraction of mandible.
- Temporalis* - V3
- Elevation of mandible. Clentches Teeth. Protraction of mandible.
- Masseter* - V3
- Elevation and protrusion of mandible
- Medial Pterygoid* - V3
- Protraction, depression, and side to side movement of mandible
- Lateral Pterygoid* - V3
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Bilateral contraction: elevation of chin and flexion of the neck
Unilateral contraction: lateral flexion of the same side and rotation of the head to the opposite side - SCM* - XI and C2 and C3
- Depression, retraction and steadying of hyoid bone
- Omohyoid* - Ansa cervisalis; C1,C2,C3
- Depression of hyoid bone
- Sternohyoid* - Ansa cervisalis; C1,C2,C3
- Depression of thyroid cartilage
- Sternothyroid* - Ansa cervisalis; C1,C2,C3
- Depression of hyoid bone and elevation of thyroid cartilage
- Thyrohyoid* - C1 spinal nerve; anterior primary ramus
- Raise hyoid bone and stead it. Open mouth and depress mandible
- Digastric* - anterior belly (V3), posterior belly (VII)
- Elevation of hyoid bone and tongue
- Mylohyoid* - V3
- Pulls hyoid bone aterosuperiorly
- Geniohyoid* - C1 spinal nerve, anterior primary ramus
- Elevation of rib 1. Felxion and roation of nect to opposite side
- Anterior scalene* - C4,C5,C6 spinal nerve, anterior primary ramus
- Elevation of rib 1. Flexion and roation of neck to opposite side.. (same as other one)
- Middle Scalene* - Anterior primary rami of cervical spinal nervea
- Elevation of rib 2. Flexion of neck
- Posterior Scalene* - Anterior primary rami of cervical spinal nerves
- Flexion of head on the atlas
- Longus capitis* - Anterior primary rami of cervical spinal nerves
- Flexion of neck. Slight rotation to opposite side
- Longus colli* - Anterior primary rami of cervical spinal nerves
- Extension, lateral flexion and rotation of the head and neck to the same side
- Splenius capitis* - posterior primary rami of cervical spinal nerves
- Elevates and retracts hyoid bone
- Stylohyoid* - VII
- Retracts and elevates the whole tongue
- Styloglossus - XII
- Draws upward and inward the lateral pharyngeal walls
- Stylopharyngeus - IX
- Protrudes tongue (stick it out)
- Genioglossus - XII
- Depresses tongue
- Hyoglossus - XII
- Extends head and rotates to same side
- Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
- Extends head
- Rectus capitis posterior minor
- Rotates head to the same side
- Obliques Capitis Inferior
- Extends head and lateral flexion to the same side
- Obliques Capitis Superior
- Elevation, adduction, nasalward
- Superior rectus - III
- Depression, adduction, temporalward
- Medial rectus - III
- Adduction
- Medial Rectus - III
- Abduction
- Lateral rectus - III
- Depression, abduction, nasalward
- Superior oblique - IV
- Elevation, abduction, temporalward
- Inferior oblique - III
- Elevates upper eyelid
- Levator Papebrae Superioris - III
- Elevates soft palate
- Levator veli palatini - X
- Tenses soft palate
- Tensor veli palatini - V3
- Elevate posterior part of tongue and draws soft palate down on tongue
- Palatoglossus - X
- Tenses soft palate and pulls walls of pharynx upward, forward and medially during swallowing
- Palatopharyngeus - X
- Protrudes tongue
- Genioglossus - XII
- Retracts tongue
- Styloglossus* - XII
- All elevate the larynx and pharynx during swallowing and speaking
- Stylopharyngeus (IX), palatophyngeus (X), salpingopharyngeus (X)