abnormal psych quiz
Terms
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- dysfunction of naturally selected mechanisms.
- disorder
- diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.
- DSM
- referring to causes
- etiology
- why do we need to classify mental disorders?
- to communicate, health care benefits.
- what are the disadvantages of classification?
- loss of info regarding info, stigma associated with diagnosis.
- expression of abnormal and disorder.
- sex/cultural/age differences
- lifetime prevalence of having any DSM-IV disorder
- 46%
- experimental designs, manipulate
- efficacy
- seeing the effectiveness of people in the real world, not manipulate
- effectiveness
- variables correlated with abnormal outcome.
- risk factors
- if disorder Y occurs, then cause X must have preceded it.
- necessary cause
- If cause X occurs, then disorder Y will also occur.
- sufficient cause
- If X occurs, then the probability of disorder Y increases.
- contributory cause
- causal factors long ago
- distal causal factors
- causal factors more recently
- proximal causal factors.
- vulnerability/predisposition
- diathesis
- response to/ occurrence of taxing event
- stress
- high levels of diathesis only needs small level of stress and vice-versa
- additive model
- diathesis must be present before stress will have effect
- interactive model
- make it less likely that a person will experience negative consequences of a stressor
- protective factors
- ability to adapt successfully even in difficult circumstances
- reilience
- theoretical constructions
- viewpoints
- methods for studying genetic influences
- family history method, twin method, adoption method, linkage/association studies
- the ego often deals with neurotic or moral anxiety through ego-defense mechanisms
- psychodynamic perspective
- specific stimulus comes to elicit a specific response through classical conditioning
- behavioral response
- when a conditioned stimulus is repeated without unconditioned stimulus
- extinction
- when a response is conditioned to one stimulus it can be evoked by a similar stimulus
- generalization
- learning through observation
- observational learning
- representation
- schema
- process of assigning causes to things that happen
- attributions
- what we focus on
- attention
- how we view things
- interpretation
- process through which clinicians/ researchers arrive and a general summary classification
- clinical diagnosis
- client must feel comfortable with clinician
- trust and rapport
- follow predetermined set of questions; restrict freedom to explore but increase reliability
- structured interviews
- do not follow a predetermined set of questions; allow for more exploration but decrease reliability
- unstructured interview
- axis 1
- clinical syndromes
- axis 2
- personality disorders/ mental retardation
- axis 3
- general medical conditions
- axis 4
- social/environmental problems
- axis 5
- global assessment of functioning
- external demands placed on organisms
- stressors
- study of interaction between nervous and immune systems
- psychoneuroimmunology
- future-oriented emotion
- anxiety
- reaction to an immediate threat characterized by an alarm reaction
- fear
- thoughts about possible negative outcomes that are intrusive and difficult to control
- worry