BioTest4
Terms
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- How much of the blood does Plasma make up?
- 55%
- what is hemoglobin?
- an iron containing protein that transports oxygen
- where does hemoglobin recycle itself?
- in the spleen
- What does EPO do?
- regulates the production of red blood cells
- What does Anemia mean?
- a reduction in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
- How is a blood type signified?
- by the proteins on the surface of the cell
- What are the ABO blood types?
- A,B, AB, O
- What is leukemia?
- A cancer caused by white blood cells reproducing too many times. decreases the number of platelets and red blood cells. A large amount will cause anemia and impair clotting
- What do platelets produce?
- fibrin
- What produces platelets?
- Megakaryocyte
- What is a vascular spasm?
- A contraction of blood vessels in an area to reduce the flow of blood.
- what is a platelet plug?>
- when platelets cling to collagen to form a clot
- What is a blood clot?
- when fibrin traps blood cells in its web to clot
- what is lumen?
- the hollow interior of blood vessels
- what is endothelium?
- the inner lining of blood vessels
- arteries carry blood where?
- away from the heart
- what do valves prevent?
- the backflow of blood when it flows up the body against gravity
- how is blood pressure defined?
- the force blood exerts against blood vessel walls
- when does systolic pressure occur?
- when the heart contracts
- when does diastolic pressure occur?
- when the heart relaxes
- what is the myocardium?
- a cardiac muscle inside the heart
- what is the pericardium?
- the sac of conective tissue that covers the cavities
- what does the septum do?
- divides the left and right sides of the heart
- what does the right pump do?
- it receives oxygen poor blood and pumps it to the lungs in exchange for co2 and oxygen
- what does the left pump do?
- receives oxygen rich blood and pumps it throughout the body
- what is the right atrium?
- the upper receiving chamber that receives oxygen poor blood
- what is the right ventricle?
- lower pumping chamber that receives oxygen poor blood from right atrium and pumps it to the lungs
- what is the left atrium?
- upper receiving chamber that receives oxygen rich blood from the lungs
- what is the left ventricle?
- the lower pumping chamber that pumps oxygen rich blood throughout the body
- what are the AV valves?
- valves between the atria and ventricles that maintain the flow of blood
- what are the semilunar valves?
- valves between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk and the left ventricle and aorta
- what is the pulmonary circuit?
- the circuit to and from the lungs
- What is the systematic circuit?
- to and from the body tissues
- what is the superior vena cava?
- returns blood from above heart
- what is the inferior vena cava?
- returns blood from below the heart
- what is the pulmonary trunk?
- receives blood from right ventricle
- what is the aorta?
- it gets oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle
- what is the cardiac cycle?
- the sequence of heart muscle contraction during a single heartbeat
- a diastole is?
- a relaxation of the heart
- what is an atrial systole?
- an atrium contraction
- what do purkinje fibers do?
- tells heart walls to contract