Chapter 6 Civil Rights
Terms
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- A legal distinction that the Supreme Court scrutinizes especially closely.
- suspect classification
- A Supreme Court decision declaring segregated schools inherently unequal
- Brown v Board
- A school integration plan mandating no particular racial balance
- freedom of choice
- Landmark case declaring gender discrimination violates the Equal Protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and asserting the reasonableness standard for such discrimination
- Reed v Reed
- The standard by which the Court judges gender-based classifications
- reasonableness
- A ruling that held that Congress may draft men but not women
- Rostker v Goldberg
- A ruling that declared all state laws prohibiting abortion unconstitutional
- Roe v Wade
- Landmark case in which the Court first found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution
- Griswold v Connecticut
- The standard by which the Supreme Court judges classifications based on race; they must have a compelling public purpose
- strict scruntiny
- The use of race or sex to give preferential treatment to blacks or women
- reverse discrimination
- Device used, and upheld by the Cort, to address concerns about protesters and abortion clinics
- buffer zone
- Giving minorities preference in hiring, promotions, college admissions, and contracts
- preferred treatment
- Designing remedies for overcoming racism and sexism by taking race and sex into account
- affirmative action
- The right of citizens to vote, receive equal treatment before the law, and share benefits of public facilities
- civil rights