3.3 & 3.4 study guide questions
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- What advantages did the South have going into the Civil War? What advantages did the North have?
- The south advantages were that they were fighting a defensive war. All they had to do was keep the northerners out. They had good generals, and they had cotton. It would allow them to shutdown mills in the north, weakening the economy and could use it try and win British support. --- The north advantages was that their population was 22 million compared to 9 million in confederate states(over 1/3 slaves). Their industrial output was nine times that of South. Almost all cloth and shoes produced in northern states. Almost 3/4 of railroad mileage was in the northern states. 97% of arms production, nearly all cloth and shoes. They also had financial resources. There was a strong federal government in place and the south had to build central government from scratch. Their biggest obstacle was that they didnʼt like idea of national govt. Also, confederacy did not have the power to tax. Basically they needed a big govt. to win a war.
- What were the elements of Lincolnʼs strategy? How did he plan to counteract the Southʼs effort to win recognition from Great Britain?
- He had to make the war a moral issue to keep Great Britain out. However, if he did this it would cause the border states to secede from the Union. In order, to keep the British out and keep the border states he came up with the Emancipation proclamation. It said that rebel states slaves were free. For this reason the border states stayed in the Union and making it look like a war about slavery kept the British out.
- What was the Southern strategy for winning the Civil War in 1862? How did this strategy change by 1864? Why did this strategy fail?
- To get British support by using cotton diplomacy. It failed b/c the British were not as dependent on U.S. cotton as they thought. they had other markets that they could turn to and had plenty stored. Also the embargo that they put out was voluntary. So the political will was no there either.