Glossary of usmle neuro drug class quiz
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- phenytoin
- antiseizure
increase Na channel inactivity
gingival hyperplasia
SLE like syndrome
p450
ataxia
1st line prophylaxis
- carbamezapine
- antiseizure
increase Na channel inactivity
agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
ataxia
teratogenic
p450
trigeminal neuralgia
- gabapentin
- antiseizure
increase GABA release
ataxia
peripheral neuropathy
- phenobarbital
- barbiturate
prolong Cl channel, GABA
seizure prophylax pregnant
(also class Ib antiarryth)
p450
sedation, addiction
no OD treatment (mng sx's)
- valproic acid
- ALL seizures (incl absence)
inactivate Na channel
increase GABA concentration
teratogenic
GI
rare liver failure
weight GAIN
binds carnitine (inhibits FA oxidation)
- ethosuximide
- absence seizures
inhibit Ca channels (T type)
urticaria
Stevens-Johnson
- diazepam, lorazepam
- benzo, freq of Cl (GABA)
acute seizures (MgSO4)
sedation, tolerance, dependence
- lamotrigine
- antiseizure
block VG Na channel
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- topiramate
- antiseizure
Na channel & GABA increase
kidney stones, weight LOSS, cognition
- thiopental
- low MAC, high solubil: induction & short procedures
- triazolam
- benzo
short acting
- oxazolam
- benzo
short acting
- midazolam
- short acting benzo
anesthesia for colonoscopy
BP drop tx w/flumazenil
- flumazenil
- treat benzo OD
competitive antagonist of GABA R
- Thioridizine
- neuroleptic (antipsych)
block D2 receptors
tardive diskinesia
EPS symptoms
neuroleptic malignant syndrome (tx w/dantrolene & DA agonists)
- evolution of EPS side effects
- neuroleptics
4 hr: dystonia
4 day: akinesia
4 wk: akathisia
4 mo: tardive dyskinesia (irreversible)
- haloperidol
- neuroleptic
EPS symptoms
gynecomastia
anticholinergic
hypotension
- fluphenazine
- neuroleptic
EPS symptoms
gynecomastia
anticholinergic
hypotension
- chlorpromazine
- neuroleptic
EPS symptoms
gynecomastia
anticholinergic
hypotension
(SLE effect)
- clozapine
- atypical neuroleptic (fewer EPS & antichol SE's)
block 5 HT and DA receptors
agranulocytosis
- olanzapine
- atypical neuroleptic (fewer EPS & antichol SE's)
block 5 HT and DA receptors
OCD, anxiety, Tourette, mania, depression
- resperidone
- atypical neuroleptic (fewer EPS & antichol SE's)
block 5 HT and DA receptors
- Lithium
- antiphsycotic
mech unknown (maybe inhibit PI cascade)
tremor
DI
hypOthyroidism
teratogenic
- antipsychotic classes
- neuroleptic (D2)
atypical neuroleptic (5HT, DA R)
Li (maybe PI)
- antidepressant classes
- SSRI
MAOI
Tricyclic
heterocyclic
- sertraline
- SSRI
serotonin synd w/MAOI
sexual dysfunction
- paroxetine
- SSRI (paxil)
serotonin synd w/MAOI
sexual dysfunction
- citalopram
- SSRI
serotonin synd w/MAOI
sexual dysfunction
- hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, CV collapse
- serotonin syndrome
SSRI + MAOI (or meperidine from ER)
or MAOI + beta agonist (isoproter, dobutamine, terbutiline, albuerol)
- Imipramine
- TCA
block reuptake of NE & 5HT
bedwetting
sedation, alpha blocker,anticholinergic
- amitriptyline
- TCA
block NE & 5 HT reuptake
tertiary TCA, more SE's
- desipramine
- TCA
block NE & 5HT reuptake
least sedating
- nortriptyline
- TCA
block NE & 5 HT reuptake
secondary less SE's
use to avoid confusion in elderly
- clomipramine
- TCA
block NE & 5HT reuptake
can use for OCD
- doxepine
- TCA
block NE & 5 HT reuptake
- bupropion
- wellbutrin
HCA (heterocyclic antidep)
mech unclear
seizure in bulimia
no sexual SE's
- venlafaxine
- heterocyclic AD
block NE 5HT & DA reuptake
depression, gen anxiety
SE: stimulant, HTN
- mirtazapine
- heterochclic AD
alpha 2 antagonist (clonidine is agonist)
SE: weight gain (appetite), dry mouth
- maprotiline
- HCA
block NE reuptake
SE: sedation, orthostatic hypotension
- trazodone
- HCA
block 5HT uptake
SE: priapism, postural hypotension
- phenelzine
- MAOI
HTN crisis w/tyramine
NOT w/SSRI or beta agonist
- buspirone
- (not in bible)
Buspar
for anxiety
- anesthetic classes
- inhaled
IV
Local
NM blockers
- fluranes
- inhaled anesthetic
(also halothane)
malignant hyperthermia
- halothane
- inhaled anesthetic
hepatotoxic
- methoxyflurane
- inhaled anesthetic
nephrotoxic
- enflurane
- inhaled anesthetic
proconvulsant
- IV anesthetics
- barbs:
-thiopental: induction & short
benzos:
-midazolam for endoscopy
-post op resp depress
-hypoTN tx w/flumazenil
arylcylohexmines (ketamine)
opiates (mophine, fentenyl)
propofol- less nausea
- ketamine
- PCP analog
increase cerebral BF
- propofol
- rapid anesthesia induction
less nausea
- succinylcholine
- depolarizing NM blocker
activates nicotinic R
neostigmine (AChE inhib) NOT reverse (use butylcholinesterase)
- tubocurarine
- non-depolarizing NM blocker
prevents nicotinic binding
tx w/neostigmine
- tubocurarine
- non-depolarizing NM blocker
prevents nicotinic binding
tx w/neostigmine
