psych chapter 14 2
Terms
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- health psychology
- investigates the psychological factors related to wellness and illness, including the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of medical problems
- psychoneuroimmunology
- the study of the relationship among psychological factors, the immune system, and the brain
- stress
- the reponse to events called stressors that threaten individuals and tax their coping abilities
- psychopysiological disorders
- medical problems that are influenced by an interaction of psychological, emotional, and physical difficulties
- devastating stressors
- cataclysmic events
- cataclysmic events
- strong stressors that occur suddenly and typically affect many people simultaneously; unexpected/uncontrollable
- stressors among college students
- conflicts with boyfriend/girlfriend, gossip, etc.
- general adaptation syndrome
- alarm and mobilization stage, resistance stage, exhaustion stage
- alarm and mobilization
- become aware of the presence of a stressor
- resistance stage
- preparation to fight stressor
- exhaustion stage
- negative consequences of the stress appear
- negative physiological effects of stress
- anger, frustration, short temper, anxiety, hopelessness, and depression
- negative cognitive effects of stress
- impaired concentration, faulty thinking and decision making, and poor memory
- post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- phenomenon in which victims of major catastrophes re-experience the originial event and the associated feelings in vivid flashbacks or dreams
- 3 categories of stressors
- personal stressors, background stressors (daily hassles), and uplifts
- personal stressors
- major life events that produce an immediate major reactions that soon tapers off
- Background stressors (daily hassles)
- minor irretations of life that we all face time to time
- uplifts
- minor positive events that make one feel good
- coping
- the efforts to control, reduce, or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress
- negative methods of coping
- learned helplessness, defense mechanisms
- learned helplessness
- based on Seligman's research; a point at which people conclude that unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled
- defense mechanisms
- reactions that maintain a person's sense of control and self worth by distorting or denying the actual nature of the situation
- positive methods of coping
- emotion-focused coping, problem-focused coping
- emotion-focused coping
- method of managing emotion in the face of stress by seeking to change the way they feel or perceive a problem
- problem-focused coping
- attempts to modify the stressful problem or source of the stress
- who copes best with stressors
- people who exhibit hardiness
- lower rate or stress-related illness
- commitment, challenge