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Glossary of jazz history 2

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Cab Calloway
(1907-1994) swing
-one of the most popular and colorful bandleaders to emerge during the 1930's and 1940's
- nickname was "the hi-de-ho man"
- his band, the Missourians, played at the Cotton Club and were in several films
Jimmie Lunceford
(1902- 1947) swing
- his band was known for its on-stage antics, with the musicians waving their derby hats or their horns in the air.
-played at the Cotton Club
- performed novelty numbers as well as sweet arrangements and hot instrumentals
- no band equaled Lunceford's commercial showmanship
Chick Webb
house band at Harlem's Savoy Ballroom, a premier jazz spot for listening and dancing during the 1930's.
- one of most influential drummers of the early swing period
- discovered and launced career of vocalist, Ella Fitzgerald
Jimmy Harrison
one of the most significant trombone players of the 1920's and early 1930s who greatly advanced the technique of the instrument
Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey
among the most popular swing-era bandleaders
tommy was a trombonist and jimmy a saxophonist.
Glenn Miller
-trombonist
-his band was among the most famous of the swing era
- joined the US Air Force in 1942 to form a band to entertain troops. got on a plane, but the plane never landed (shot down?)
-remembered for his arrangements
Artie Shaw
-most interesting of the white bandleaders to ahieve celebrity during the swing era.
- only clarinetist to rival Goodman in popularity
8 marriages, recorded "little jazz" in 1944
Coleman Hawkins
-elevated the tenor sax to prominence as a jazz voice
- toured with the jazz hounds with Marrie Smith
Lester Young
most significant tenor saxophonist to escape the influence of Hawkins
-was a featured soloist with the count basie band
early recordings in 1936 with solos on "oh, lady be good" and "shoe shine boy"
Roy Eldridge
hailed successor to louis armstrong
- brought to the trumpet the more harmony-based, vertical improvisation approach
-exploited the three-octave range of the trumpet and his solos exhibited a fiery vigor and an ability to handle breakneck combos
-played at mintons playhouse in the early 940s
teddy wilson
most influential swing era pianist
principally played better in groups,
gene krupa
became one of Goodman's most important sidemen and possibly most idolized
- probably most well-known drummer of the swing era
charlie christian
-revolutionized jazz guitar playing, one of greatest guitar players in jazz history (swing-bebop)
- first major player to feature electric guitar in jazz ensembles (instrument made available in 1935)
-complete soloist
benny carter
-personified the history of jazz
-was probably one of the two leading alto saxophone stylists of swing, the other was johnny hodges
billie holiday
-touchstone pf jazz singing
bebop
emergence in the 1940s, represented a radical rejection of the musical conventions of the swing era, performed in bars and nightclubd, played for listening rather than dancing, 5 or 6 musicians
-mintons playhouse and monroes uptown house
sarah vaughn
1924-1990
-became a preeminent jazz singer, possibly the greatest to develop in the bebop era
billy eckstine
suave baritone vocalisr, played trumpet and valve trombone
-the eckstine band of 1944 has frequently been called "the first bebop big band"
charlie parker
probably the greatest, most brilliant saxaphonist of all time
-"groovin high, "koko", dizzy atmosphere, all the things you are, salt peanuts"
dizzy gillespie
trumpet player, architect of bebop
-"manteca"
-great personalities and elder statesman of jazz scene
bud powell
considered finest of the bop pianists
-right hand bop piano style
-father of modern jazz piano
new yorker
thelonius monk
erratic, awkward, odd piano style
-rooted in harlem stride tradition
-house pianist at Mintons
-"four in one"
fats navarro
noteable trumpeter of the bebop era
woody herman
white clarinetist from milwaukee
-brought bebop sounds to a wider audience and probably recieved the greatest commercial success in this style
claude thornhill
pianisr in big band bebop
James Reese Europe
introduced the foxtrot
Scott Joplin
maple leaf rag, made ragtime rag
dixieland
first jazz style to become popular
original dixieland jazz band
first jazz group to record in 1917
Black Swan
first black record label in 1921
Genett
top jazz label in 1920's
Paul Whiteman
white bandleader, king of jazz
george gerswhin
wrote rhapsody in blue, I got rhythm
duke ellington
stareted swing in 1927, played piano at the cotton club
Benny Goodman
got swing REALLY going in 1935 in the Palomar ballroom. teenagers loved it
clarinetist, father of swing
James P. Johnson
father of stride piano
W.C. Handy
father of Blues
Miles Davis
trumpeter
birth of cool jazz, modal jazz, fused jazz and rock--called music "fusion"
john coltrane
came out of miles davis' group, recorded album "love supreme",
-avante garde style
stan Kenton and woody herman
third stream bandleaders
free jazz
drummer Chico Hamilton first experienced with it. Coleman, saxophonist came out with album free jazz
verve records
50’s big jazz record label
Oscar Peterson
canadien pianist, managed ella fitzgerald
hard bop
started by Art Blakey in 50's similar to bebop, but more emotional and slower
end of jazz popularity in 60's
british invasion, commercialization, R and B, death of jazz legends
what makes jazz popular again?
generational gap, jazz in universities, jazz literature
Nat "king" Cole
First Black jazz artist to have a weekly radio show
-singer
third stream music
• A blend of jazz and European concert music. In many instances, third-stream composers create concert works that allow for improvisation within larger-scale structures influenced by both jazz and concert music
Art Tatum
•One of the most prestigious virtuosos in jazz history
•Blind in one eye and visually impaired in the other. He learned to read music in Braille.
Jelly Roll Morton
pianist, fist important composer-arranger in jazz
self proclaimed inventor of jazz
Dave Brubeck
one of the most commercially successful jazz musicians of the 50's and 60's
pianist-composer

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