hlhp 3260
Terms
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- spinal cord disability from birth
- congenital, spina bifida
- spinal cord condition gets worse over time
- degenerative, multiple sclerosis
- traumatic spinal cord injury
- diving accident
- injury of T1 and above
- quadriplegia
- injury of below T1
- paraplegia
- need repirator and otherassistance for vital functions, injury affects every body system, may be fatal at time, or later
- C 1-3
- have traps and diaphragm, use sip and puff mouthpiece
- below C 4
- have delts and some biceps, some rhomboids, may be able to feed self, needs help for dressing, bathing
- C 5
- highest injury one can have and still have some independence, rotator cuff, some lats, can transfer, drive, push wheelchair
- C6, landmark
- have triceps, can wheelchair transfer, pushup
- C7-8
- total hand use, some difficulty with sitting balance, lack some intercostals use and trunk musculature, so have trouble with diaphragmatic breathing
- T 1-5
- can walk with crutches or braces, but only if very fit
- T 6-12, landmark
- have hip flexors and adductors, can walk with braces
- L 1-3
- have hamstrings, some ankle and foot. Weak knee flexion. Can walk awkwardly
- L4-S2
- congenital spinal cord inury, not progressive. spinal cord is exposed, protrudes. occurs in first trimester. neural tube defect, does not close completely usually is in lumbo-sacral region
- spina bifida
- type of spina bifida, spinal cord protrudes through an opening in the back and is on the surface covered only by a membrane. most serious and most common
- myolmeningocele
- type of spina bifida, opening in the back, spinal cord remains below the surface, although exposed. surgery required
- meningocele
- opening in the backbone, but covered by skin and is not visible to the eye. might never be diagnosed
- occulta
- for spina bifida, what does walking and weight baring help?
- prevent osteoporosis
- 85% of children with SB have what?
- hydrocephalus, due to improper circulation and accumulation in brain. shunts release fluid pressure
- scarring of myeline sheath, degenerative condition, more T cells that normal that attack myelin sheath
- Multiple sclerosis
- sometimes this is misdiagnosed as Lou Gherigs disease ALS (Athero Lateral Sclerosis)
- Mult sclerosis
-
1. plaue forms around nerve
2. destruction of myelin sheath
3. partial blockage of nerve
4. scar tissue builds up
5. total bockage of nerve impulse - MS
- non progressive condition of the developing CNS
- cerebral palsy
- 90% occur pre or peri natally by anoxia
- CP
- most common single type of CP, more than half the cases, injuries to cerebral cortex, hypertonia (inc. musc tone), most common specific type of CP
- spasticity
- in CP 20% of cases are lesions in basal ganglia, hypotonia (dec. musc tone)
- dyskinesia, athetosis
- in CP, cerebellum, 10% have this which is poor sense of balance, kinesthesis
- ataxia
- < 5% have tremor
- rididity, rare and fatal
- most commpon overall type of CP
- mixed
- what % of epilepsy is idiopathic?
- 70
- tonic clonic seizure (grand mal)
- scary, thrashing and drewling
- absence seizure (petit mal)
- may not notice, child spaces out for a few seconds
- high blood aldalinity
- favors seizures
- the leading chronic illness which causes school absence
- asthma
- extrinsic asthma
- allergic
- intrinsic asthma
- exercise induced, also emotion, stress, illness
- affects voluntary muscles, characteraized by progressive weakness
- muscular dystrphy, Duchenne MD
- cause of MD
- absence of dystrophin, a protein that helps keep mucle cells intact
- legally or educationally blind
- 20/200 or worse
- partially sighted
- between 20/70 and 20/200
- blindness at birth, have more problems
- congenital
- not hereditary, accidental or acquired
- adventitious
- increased pressure
- glaucoma
- fogging of lens
- cataracts
- near, far sighted
- length of eye
- shape of eye
- astigmatism
- detached retina
- retrolental fibrofasia
- excessive motion in eyeballs
- nystagmus
- field dependence and independence,background color
- figure ground
- peripheral vision
- divergence
- occurred before age 3, before much language learned
- pre lingually deaf
- physical obstruction, infection in middle ear, eardrum damage
- conductive
- damage to inner ear or sensory receptors, difficulty with speech, distorted sounds, cause-genetics, rubella, infection
- sensorineural
- brain tumor, auditory cortex, hearing loss, no understanding
- central (CNS)
- inner, middle, outer ear, combination of conductive and sensory neural loss
- mixed
- spine curves from side to side
- scoliosis
- spine curves forward in humpback shape
- kyphosis
- spine curves forward, swayback
- lordosis