gram positive bacilli 2
Terms
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- Epidemiology of Listeria monocytogenes
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1. frequently found in environment
2. causes stillbirths and meningitis in animals, especially ruminants
3. in humans: seen in neonates, pregnant & immunocompromised
4. Assoc. w/ foodborne illnesses - Epidemiology of Corynebacteria
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1. normal flora of humans and animals
2. N.F. of skin, oral cavity, genitourinary tract
3. opportunistic
4. considered a contaminant - Corynebacteria shared ID characteristics
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Gram + bacilli - pleomorphic rods palisading or chinese characters
Most CATALASE + -
Corynebacterium diptheriae
identification -
Methylene blue: shows metachromatic granules
loeffler agar slant
SBA - rule out Strep A
Tellurite or Tinsdale - will turn black
Elek plate toxin test + -
Corynebacterium diptheriae
disease manifestation -
pharyngitis w/ thick leathery gray membrane
exotoxin when C. diptheriae infected with TOX + Phage
death assoc w/ asphyxiation & myocarditis -
Corynebacteriaum jeikeium (CDC JK group)
disease manifestation -
infection in immunocompromised
- Prosthetic heart valces
- Septicemia
- Skin infections - Nocardia asteroides characteristics
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produce aerial hyphae
always a pathogen - pulmonary infections, brain abscesses
molar resembling colonies
GRAM + bacilli branching
partially ACID-FAST w/ modified Kinyoun stain - Gardnerella vaginalis characteristics
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facultative anaerobe
Catalase -
GRAM VARIABLE pleomorphic rods
FASTIDIOUS
Bacterial vaginosis
-fishy odor w/ vaginal discharge in 10% KOH
-CLUE cells - Erysipelothrix rhusoppathiae
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facultative anaerobe
Catalase -
Nonmotile
grows in 8.5% NaCl
good growth in SBA, CNA, Chocolate
produces H2S on Triple Sugar Fe
localized infection on skin, usually fingers and hands - Lactobacillus general characteristics
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normal flora of lower GI & genital tract
long, slender Gram + rod
Vaginal infections assoc. w/ ABSENCE of lactobacilli - Bacillus general characteristics
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low virulence saprophytes
common contaminant in lab
SPORE producing
Gram -, large, boxcar shaped rods may stain gram VARIABLE
Strict AEROBE
Catalase + - Bacillus antracis characteristics
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2 types of manifestations in humans:
Pulmonary - breathe in spores, resembles cold first few days
Cutaneous - Bacillus cereus
- food poisioning w/ rice & eye, wound infections
- Bacillus subtilis
- lab contaminant
- Clostridium general characteristics
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inhabit soil, water, vegetation, bowels
Gram + large rods (may be gram variable)
ANAEROBES
SPORE producing -
Clostridium perfringens
identification -
many exotoxins, type A most significant
large, box-car shape G+ bacilli
B-hemolytic on SBA (2x zone)
rapid growht
HIGH AMTS OF GAS
Lechthinase + on egg yolk agar - C. perfringens infections
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Gas gangrene
Food poisoning