biochemistry review for usmle1
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- full term neonates normal at birth becomes mentally retarded and hyperactive within days and have musty sweats
- phenylketouria
- alcoholic becomes hypoglycemic, why?
- ethanol increases NADH, shunting pyruvate and oxaloacetate to lactate and malate, inhibiting gluconeogenesis
- black urine and black spots in sclera
- alkaptonuria
- chest pain and xanthomas in Achilles tendon
- LDL receptor defect in familial hypercholesterolemia
- infant with failure to thrive and big tummy, brittle hair and skin depigmentation
- Kwashiorkor
- alcoholic develop rash diarrhea and altered mental status
- pellagra, vit b3 deficiency
- how many histones and what are they?
- H1+2xH2A+2x2B+2xH3+2xH4 = 9, to make heterochromatine, inactive transcriptionally
- purine components
- aspartate, glycine, CO2, N10-FTHF, and glutamine
- pyrimidine components
- aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate
- transition is?
- substitute a purine by another purine
- transversion is?
- substitute a purine by a pyrimidine or vice versa
- DNA profreading/
- DNA polymerase III has 5 to 3 synthesis and proofreading at 3 (exonuclease 3 to 5) while DNA polymerase I excise at 5 to remove RNA primer (exonuclease 5 to 3)
- what drug inhibit RNA polymerase 2, what's the consequence
- alpha-amanitin, inhibit mRNA synthesis