Youel: Bleeding
Terms
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- factor I
- fibrinogen
- factor II
- prothrombin
- factor III
- tissue factor
- factor IV
- calcium
- factor V
- labile factor
- factor VI
- "kein sechs"
- factor VII
- stable factor
- factor VIII
- anti-hemophilic factor
- factor IX
- Christmas factor (Hemophilia B)
- factor X
- Stuart-Prower factor
- factor XI
- plasma thromboplastin antecedent
- factor XII
- Hageman factor
- factor XIII
- fibrin stabilizing factor
- Von Willebrand Factor
- protects VIII from catabolism; made in endothelium and megakaryocytes
- vitamin K dependent factors; aka "the prothrombin group"
- II, VII, IX, X
- what 4 factors can cause prolongation of prothrombin time? which is most key?
- II, VII, IX, X; factor VII is key
- what system does the PT check?
- extrinsic ("WEPT")
- what system does the partial thromboplastin test check?
- intrinsic
- what are the 3 most common inherited coagulopathies?
- hemophilia A, hemophilia B, von Willebrand's
- what's the problem in von Willebrand's and which test is abnormal (PT or PTT)?
- poor platelet stickiness; both are normal; bleeding time is prolonged, though.
- in what coagulopathy is hemarthrosis of the knee most common?
- hemophilia A (A>B>vWB)
- what is most common presentation of vWB disease?
- menorrhagia
- what chemical increases vWB factor?
- vasopressin
- what causes hemophilia C?
- low factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent)
- how does coumarin (warfarin) work?
- vitamin K analogue
- where does niacin come from?
- made from tryptophan, an essential aa
- where does serotonin come from?
- made from tryptophan
- what is carcinoid syndrome?
- too much serotonin made, not enough niacin --> pellagra
- what are pellagra symptoms?
- dermatitis, diearrhea, dementia, death
- what is Hartnup's disease?
- tryptophan malabsorption, so your body is "hardup" for tryptophan and niacin
- with what does anti-thrombin III complex?
- thrombin and factors IX, X, XI and XII
- how is the intrinsic system triggered?
- ruptured platelets and raw surface convert prekallikrein to kallikrein, which triggers factor XII to become XIIa