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Glossary of Vocabulary Words Chapter 2 Earth Science

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Crust
The thin solid outermost zone of the earth
1% of the earth's mass
Mantle
The layer under the crust
2,900km thick
2/3 of the earth's mass
Core
Center Sphere of the earth
3,500 km
Made up of iron and nickel
What are the compositional zones of the earth
crust, mantle, core
What are the structural zones of the earth?
Lithosphere, asthenosphere and mesophere
Lithosphere
the solid outer layer made of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
15-300km thick
asthenosphere
the solid plastic layer of the Mantle beneath the lithospher made of mantle rock that flows 200-250km thick
mesophere
2,900 km layer of solid mantle rock
The "middle sphere" between the mantle and outer core
System
An organized group of related objects or components
that interact
Earth system
interaction between matter and energy
What are the four earth's
spheres?
Atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere
What is atmosphere
a mixture of gases that surround a planet or moon
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen
1% other gases
What is a hydrophere
The portion of the earth that is water 71%
97% salt water 3% fresh
What is geosphere?
Mostly solid part of the earth
All the rock and soil on the surface of the continents and on the ocean floor.
What is the Biosphere?
The part of the earth where life exists, includes all of the living organisms on earth.
Ecosystem
A Community of organisms and the environment that the inhabit
Carrying Capacity
the largest population that an environment can support
Food Web
The relationship between many food chains The diagram that shows the feeding relationships among organisms in the ecosystem.
Food Chain
The sequence in which organisms consume other organisms

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