The Middle Ages 2
Terms
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- Lords & vassals
-
lord - landowner
vassal - person who receives land from lord - Knights
- men who defended their lords' land
- Fief
- granted land
- Castles
- the place where the Kings, Queens, Lords, & Knights lived
- Serfs
- people who could not leave the place they were born
- monks, friars, & nuns
-
monks - lived in monasteries
fraiars - owned nothing and lived by begging
nuns - women who worked with the sick & poor - Manor
- the lord's estate
- Pope
- father of the Church
- Simony
- the buying and selling of religious offices
- Sacraments
- sacred rites
- tithe
- church tax
- monastery & convent
-
monastery: the place where the monks lived
convent: the place where the nuns lived - excommunication
- christians that disobeyed the church
- The Crusades
- Holy Wars... about the holy land
- inquisition
- unifying the country under Christianity
- Papal Curia
- a court created by the pope's advisors
- Gothic Architecture
- a cathedral that reached "up to the heavens"
- stained glass
- windows that were illustrated the stories from the Bible (not many people knew how to read)
- Manual labor
- work that was done by hand
- hierarchy
- the different ranks that people had
- Muslims
- a group of people that were in Jerusalem first
- Germanic tribes
- the people that made the Roman Empire fall
- parish
- to be destroyed
- The Plague
- A DEADLY DISEASE!!!! it killed 1/3 of Europe's population
- Saladin
- a Kurdish warrior and Muslim leader
- Richard I
- the English King was left to lead the Crusades
- Pope Urban II
- a person who convinced everyone to go into war
- Council of Constantine
- 3 popes that were chosen by the court to attempt to end the Great Schism
- Flying buttress
- arks that transferred weight to the exterior walls
- ribbed vault & pointed arch
-
vaults: supported the roof's weight
arches: framed the stain glass windows - feudalism
- it is an economic and political system based on land and protection
- feudal contract
- an agreement when the lord would give land to the vassal in exchange for protection
- decentralization
- land that was spread from 1 King to many different Lords; grandsons fighting and invasions