Social Psychology Notes Chapters 10 thru 13
Terms
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- Prosocial genes will exist when...<REMEMBER: This theory argues that we wouldn't help strangers!>
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[c < b * r]
c = furture reproductive costs to the alturist
b = future reproductive benefits to the recipient
r = degree of relatedness - When do we help? <REMEMBER: There are 5 different situations!>
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1. Notice Event
2. Interpret Event as an Emergency
3. Assume Responsibility for Helping
4. Know how to help
5. Engage in Helping - What helps fight rejection and is also used to promote alturism?
- Empathy
- What are the reasons linked between media and aggression? <REMEMBER: There are 5!>
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1. Weakens inhabitions against violence
2. Provides instrumental suggestions for violence
3. Primes aggression
4. Desensitizies
5. Distorts perceptions of "dangerous world" - Who's under the most stress? <REMEMBER: THE MONKEY VIDEO!>
- Dominant, not subordinate, monkeys are the most stressed. More likely to develop heart problems and high blood pressure.
- Reducing aggression...
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1. Punishment? <MUST be swift and certain>
2. As a Catharsis? <Does NOT work; may arouse you more>
3. Emotional Expression
4. Apologizing
5. Modeling Non-Aggression
6. Problem-Solving Skills/Communicating Training
7. Building Empathy - ABCs of "intergroup bias"...<REMEMBER: A = Affective, B = Belief, and C = Cognitive!>
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1. Prejudice = Affective
2. Discrimination = Behavior
3. Stereotype = Cognition - Origins of Aversive Racism <REMEMBER: This is racism that is so deeply engrained we might not be concious to it!>
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1. Egalitarian Value System
2. Historically Racist Culture
3. Social Cognitive Mechanisms - Devine's Dissociation Model
- Stereotypes are automatically activated, but prejudice can be controlled with motivation and resources
- When do we rely on stereotypes?
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1. When our cognitive resources are low
2. When our ability to process information is low - Why does wise-schooling work?
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1. Promotes malleable beliefs about intelligence
2. Reduces perceptions of bias
3. Promotes trust and belongingness - Six conditions are necessary for intergroup contact to actually reduce prejudeice...
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1. Mutual Interdependence
2. A Common Goal
3. Equal Status of Group Members
4. Informal Interpersonal Contact
5. Multiple Contacts with Several Members of the Outgroup
6. Social Norms that Promote Equality