Physiology of Endurance Performance TEST 1
Terms
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- What are the factors that affect performance?
- Energy production, Environment, Strength/Skill, Diet, and CNS Function
- What are the 2 classifications of fatigue?
- Central fatigue and Peripheral fatigue
- Central fatigue would be implicated in fatigue if there was:
- a reduction in the # of functioning motor units used to perform a task
- Peripheral fatigue includes:
- Neural factors, mechanical factors, and energetics of contraction
- What are the physiological factors affecting fatigue?
- VO2 max, Lactate threshold, Movement economy, and Anaerobic capacity
- What limits the VO2max?
- Respiration, Central Circulation, Peripheral circulation, and muscle metabolism
- What is the VO2max range for normal young adults?
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Men: 35-55
Women: 30-50 - Stroke Volume
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volume of blood ejected from the ventricles per beat.
SV=EDV - ESV - What are 3 factors that cause increase in SV during endurance training?
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Increased EDV
Increased contractility
Decreased TPR - Frank-Starling Mechanism
- more you fill heart, more it stretches, more it pumps
- What 3 reasons explain the increase in EDV (preload)?
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Increased venticular volume
Increased filling time and venous return
Increased plasma volume - Possible causes of LT?
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Increased production
decreased removal - What could cause increased production of lactate?
- muscle hypoxia, stimulation of glycogenolysis by epinephrine, recruitment of FT muscle fibers
- What cause cause decreased removal of lactate?
- decreased uptake of lactate by liver/kidney and other tissues due to shunting of blood away from inactive muscles during exercise
- Internal segmentation
- coordination of all body parts and how you use them
- movement economy
- the energy expended to perform an activity in relation to the external work done (ratio between the two)
- efficiency vs. economy
- % of E expended that was converted to external work
- equipment can improve economy by:
- reducing external resistance forces and improving force production
- 5 Basic principles of training
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specificity
progressive overload
periodization
individualization
reversibility - reversibility
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"use it or lose it"
loss of aerobic adaptations occurs more quickly than anaerobic adaptations