Nutrition Standards and Education
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- Who exercises DOD responsibility for Nutritional Standards and Education?
- The Surgeon General, United States Army (USA)
- Job of US Army Surgeon General:
-
-establish nutritional standards for normal and simulated/actual combat
-establish nutritional standards based on Food and Nutrition Board's(FNB) recommendation
-evalutate/approve current/proposed operational rations
-collaborate w/all services to develope nutritional education
-research military nutrition
-conduct periodic assessment surveys of military personnel - Role of US Navy, Army and Air force Surgeon Generals:
-
-review requests/recommendations
-develope/implement programs using US Dietary recommendations for fit force
-provide nutritional information/educatin to health care providers
-establish mechanisms/policies in hospital and ensure healthy foods incorprated in menu
-monitor food contracts - MDRI
- Military Dietary Reference Intakes
-
T or F
MDRIs are always identical to recommended nutrient intakes by the FNB - (F) Known military nutrient requirements may cause for some needed differences in the FNB's recommendations.
- Who uses the MDRIs?
- Personnel involved in menu developement/evaluation, nutritional eduation/research, and food research/developement
-
T or F
MDRIs do not reflect the nutritional needs fo pregnant or lactating militaty women -
(T)
These individuals need to be seen by an qualified medical professionals. - Special conditions not covered in MDRIs require consultation with _________.
- TSG - The Surgeon General of appropriate service
- NSOR
- Nutritional standards for operationsl and restricted rations
- Operational rations include:
-
(1) individual rations(Meal, Ready-to-eat(MRE))
(2) group feeding rations(T-ration, Unitized B ration, and Unitized Group ration(UGR-A and UGR-H&S(Heat & Serve)) - Fat calories from operational rations should not exceed _______ of the total calories from fat consumed.
- 35%
- MRE can be consumed as the sole ration for ___ days, after this time other appropriate rations are included.
- 21
-
T or F
Restricted rations are nutritional incomplete,used for short periods of up to 21 days. -
(F)
Restricted rations can be used for up to 10 days when carrying minimal weight is needed. - Example given of a special operational ration needed due to increased nutritional needs caused by exposure to an extreme enviroment:
- Meal, Cold Weather
- Example given of restricted ration
- Food Packet, Long-Range Patrol ration
- 3 types of Survival rations (approximate calories(kcal))
-
(1)Food Packet, Survival, General Purpose, Improved(GP-1) ration(1447 kcal)
(2)Food Packet, Survival, Abandon Ship ration(300 kcal)
(3) Food Packet, Survival, Aircraft/Life Raft ration(300 kcal) - Purpose of Survival rations Food Packet, Survival, Abandon Ship and Aircraft/Life Raft
- Strickly short term survival rations
- NATICK PAM 30-35
- Operational Rations of the DOD has basic nutrient information on all rations
- Reference measures for weight and height of military members are:
-
men: 174pds(79kg) and 69in(175cm)
women: 136pds(62kg) and 64in(163cm) -
T or F
Smaller individuals require more calories than the MDRIs for energy -
F
Smaller individual require less and Larger individuals will require slightly more. - The reference measures of body height and weight used to calculate the average energy needs of individuals' MDRIs, represent what percent of the military men and women.
- 50%
-
T or F
Vigorous physical training may cause energy requirements to increase 125% of the MDRI for energy - (T)
- Three factors that effect calculation of MDRIs for energy:
-
(1) Body size
(2) Physical Activity
(3) Environmental factors - Explain how extreme cold environments affect energy requirements.
- Does not affect those troops with limited exposure to the outdoor temperature, but for those that work in severe cold w/heavy gear, i.e. manuevers wearing snowshoes on snow/ice covered terrains, it increases energy requirements.
-
T or F
A temperature reading of 72 degrees causes energy requirements to increase 2.5-10%. -
(F)
No adjustment is usually needed for temperatures between 68 and 86 degrees, but 86 to 104 degree F range may cause the 2.5-10% increase. -
T or F
In high heat climates the need for people to rest more, causes an increase in 24 hour energy usage. - (F) Due to the rest time the energy needed over a 24hr period may NOT increase.
-
T or F
Climatized individuals most likely won't have an increase in energy requirements. - T
- The energy needed is usually increased at heights above _______.
- 10,000 feet
- Five things that determine energy requirements in high altitudes are:
-
(1) body size
(2) weight carried load
(3) incline level
(4) walking surface
(5) ambient temperature - Increased energy needs and _________ make keeping sufficient energy levels difficult without a conscious effort to eat a disciplined food and water intake program.
- loss of appetite
- Approximately ___ to ___ percent of total calories consumed should come from foods and beverages with carbohydrate sources.
- 50 to 55%
- Protein range intake for military men & women.
-
men: 63 to 11 g/day
women: 50 to 93 g/day -
T or F
MDRI's protein requirements are easily met protein comprises 20 to 25% of total energy. -
(F)
Protein comprises 10 to 15% of total energy and energy intake is adequate. - Menu planners in military facilities will create menus w/____ percent or less of total calories from fat.
- 30
- Input limitations for(a) saturated fat, (b) cholesterol
-
(a) 10%
(b) 300 (mg)/day - Who can approve higher fat rations that are necessary to increase caloric denisty and minimize ration weight?
- The Surgeon General, Department of the Army