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Nutrition Standards and Education

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Who exercises DOD responsibility for Nutritional Standards and Education?
The Surgeon General, United States Army (USA)
Job of US Army Surgeon General:
-establish nutritional standards for normal and simulated/actual combat
-establish nutritional standards based on Food and Nutrition Board's(FNB) recommendation
-evalutate/approve current/proposed operational rations
-collaborate w/all services to develope nutritional education
-research military nutrition
-conduct periodic assessment surveys of military personnel
Role of US Navy, Army and Air force Surgeon Generals:
-review requests/recommendations
-develope/implement programs using US Dietary recommendations for fit force
-provide nutritional information/educatin to health care providers
-establish mechanisms/policies in hospital and ensure healthy foods incorprated in menu
-monitor food contracts
MDRI
Military Dietary Reference Intakes
T or F
MDRIs are always identical to recommended nutrient intakes by the FNB
(F) Known military nutrient requirements may cause for some needed differences in the FNB's recommendations.
Who uses the MDRIs?
Personnel involved in menu developement/evaluation, nutritional eduation/research, and food research/developement
T or F
MDRIs do not reflect the nutritional needs fo pregnant or lactating militaty women
(T)
These individuals need to be seen by an qualified medical professionals.
Special conditions not covered in MDRIs require consultation with _________.
TSG - The Surgeon General of appropriate service
NSOR
Nutritional standards for operationsl and restricted rations
Operational rations include:
(1) individual rations(Meal, Ready-to-eat(MRE))
(2) group feeding rations(T-ration, Unitized B ration, and Unitized Group ration(UGR-A and UGR-H&S(Heat & Serve))
Fat calories from operational rations should not exceed _______ of the total calories from fat consumed.
35%
MRE can be consumed as the sole ration for ___ days, after this time other appropriate rations are included.
21
T or F
Restricted rations are nutritional incomplete,used for short periods of up to 21 days.
(F)
Restricted rations can be used for up to 10 days when carrying minimal weight is needed.
Example given of a special operational ration needed due to increased nutritional needs caused by exposure to an extreme enviroment:
Meal, Cold Weather
Example given of restricted ration
Food Packet, Long-Range Patrol ration
3 types of Survival rations (approximate calories(kcal))
(1)Food Packet, Survival, General Purpose, Improved(GP-1) ration(1447 kcal)
(2)Food Packet, Survival, Abandon Ship ration(300 kcal)
(3) Food Packet, Survival, Aircraft/Life Raft ration(300 kcal)
Purpose of Survival rations Food Packet, Survival, Abandon Ship and Aircraft/Life Raft
Strickly short term survival rations
NATICK PAM 30-35
Operational Rations of the DOD has basic nutrient information on all rations
Reference measures for weight and height of military members are:
men: 174pds(79kg) and 69in(175cm)
women: 136pds(62kg) and 64in(163cm)
T or F
Smaller individuals require more calories than the MDRIs for energy
F
Smaller individual require less and Larger individuals will require slightly more.
The reference measures of body height and weight used to calculate the average energy needs of individuals' MDRIs, represent what percent of the military men and women.
50%
T or F
Vigorous physical training may cause energy requirements to increase 125% of the MDRI for energy
(T)
Three factors that effect calculation of MDRIs for energy:
(1) Body size
(2) Physical Activity
(3) Environmental factors
Explain how extreme cold environments affect energy requirements.
Does not affect those troops with limited exposure to the outdoor temperature, but for those that work in severe cold w/heavy gear, i.e. manuevers wearing snowshoes on snow/ice covered terrains, it increases energy requirements.
T or F
A temperature reading of 72 degrees causes energy requirements to increase 2.5-10%.
(F)
No adjustment is usually needed for temperatures between 68 and 86 degrees, but 86 to 104 degree F range may cause the 2.5-10% increase.
T or F
In high heat climates the need for people to rest more, causes an increase in 24 hour energy usage.
(F) Due to the rest time the energy needed over a 24hr period may NOT increase.
T or F
Climatized individuals most likely won't have an increase in energy requirements.
T
The energy needed is usually increased at heights above _______.
10,000 feet
Five things that determine energy requirements in high altitudes are:
(1) body size
(2) weight carried load
(3) incline level
(4) walking surface
(5) ambient temperature
Increased energy needs and _________ make keeping sufficient energy levels difficult without a conscious effort to eat a disciplined food and water intake program.
loss of appetite
Approximately ___ to ___ percent of total calories consumed should come from foods and beverages with carbohydrate sources.
50 to 55%
Protein range intake for military men & women.
men: 63 to 11 g/day
women: 50 to 93 g/day
T or F
MDRI's protein requirements are easily met protein comprises 20 to 25% of total energy.
(F)
Protein comprises 10 to 15% of total energy and energy intake is adequate.
Menu planners in military facilities will create menus w/____ percent or less of total calories from fat.
30
Input limitations for(a) saturated fat, (b) cholesterol
(a) 10%
(b) 300 (mg)/day
Who can approve higher fat rations that are necessary to increase caloric denisty and minimize ration weight?
The Surgeon General, Department of the Army

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