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Glossary of NJDS: Histology - Cementum

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What is cementum?
The hard tissue that covers the roots of the teeth and provides a partial anchor for the periodontal ligament.
What is the cementum derived from?
The dental follicle.
What are the 2 major types of cementum? Describe.
Acellular--provides attachment for the periodontal ligament.

Cellular--contains cementocytes. Formed in response to minor persistent trauma and/or tooth wear.
Which type of cementum provides attachment for the periodontal ligament?
Acellular
Which type of cementum contains cementocytes?
Cellular
Which type of cementum is formed in response to minor persistent trauma and/or tooth wear?
Cellular
What criteria is used to subclassify cementum?
Time of formation (primary vs secondary)

Presence of cementocytes (acellular vs cellular)

Origin of collagen (intrinsic vs extrinsic)
Where does intrinsic collagen originate? Extrinsic?
Intrinsic--From the cementoblast

Extrinsic--From the PDL fibroblast
Describe primary acellular intrinsic fiber cementum.
1.Earliest formed cementum

2.Deposited prior to PDL formation

3.Serves an anchoring function.
Describe primary acellular extrinsic fiber cementum.
1.Produced through the incorporation of PDL fibers

2.Serves an anchoring function
Describe secondary cellular intrinsic fiber cementum.
1.Contains cementocytes in lacunae

2.Contributes little to the PDL attachment

3.Serves an adaptive purpose
Describe secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.
1.This is the majority of secondary cementum

2.Encloses PDL fibers

3.Has cementocytes and is laminated
4.Surface layer is cementoid
Describe acellular afibrillar cementum.
1.Has no function and is considered an anomaly.

2.Seen only on enamel surface as a thin extension of the root cementum or as a small isolated patch near the CEJ.
Describe intermediate cementum.
1.Has no function

2.A type of secondary cellular intrinsic fiber cementum near the apical foramen.

3.Contains entrapped cellular elements.
Describe mixed stratified cementum.
An alternation of layers of acellular intrinsic and cellular intrinsic fiber cementum present at the apex. Could be an adaptational function.
Regarding the following CEJ conditions, which occur most frequently, and which occur least frequently?

Teeth showing cementum and enamel meeting head to head.

Teeth showing cementum overlapping enamel.

Teeth showing a gap
Historically, 60% of teeth show cementum overlapping enamel, 30% of teeth show the two tissues meeting head to head, and 10% of teeth show a gap. However, these conditions can be found in all teeth.
Which subtype(s) of cementum contains the earliest formed cementum?
Primary acellular intrinsic fiber cementum.
Which subtype(s) of cementum serves an anchoring function?
Primary acellular intrinsic AND extrinsic fiber cementum.
Which subtype(s) of cementum contain cementocytes?
Secondary cellular intrinsic , intermediate cementum, and mixed fiber cementum.
Which subtype(s) of cementum contains a surface layer of cementoid?
Secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.
Which subtype(s) of cementum serve no function?
Acellular afibrillar cementum and intermediate cementum.
Which subtype of cementum demonstrates an alternation of layers?
Mixed stratified cementum.
Secondary Cementum is comprised mostly of which subtype?
Secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.
Which subtype of cementum encloses the PDL fibers?
Secondary cellular mixed fiber cementum.

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