Major Events in Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Terms
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- G1
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Cytoplasmic Growth/Cell Growth
Cell monitors the environment and its own size
Do designed function (normal job)
Cells begin synthesizing all the cellular components needed in order to generate two identically complimented daughter cells - S
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DNA synthesizes or duplicates
Some specialized proteins are synthesized during S phase, particularly the histones - G2
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Duplication of the centrioles is usually completed
Chromosomes begin condensing, the nucleoli disappear and two microtubule organizing centers begin polymerizing tubulins for eventual production of the spindle poles
Provides a safety time, allowing enough time for the cell to ensure DNA replication is complete before commencing mitosis
Cell begins to get ready for mitosis by putting together much of the machinery needed to move the chromosomes around - Prophase
- Chromatic condenses into chromosomes. The fibers of the chromatin condens into tigh coiled rods like parts. Centrioles move to opposite sides of cytoplasm; nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear. Microtubules are assembled from proteins in the cytoplasm and associate with centrioles and chromatids of chromosomes
- Metaphase
- Spindle fibers from the centrioles attach to the Centromeres of each chromosome; chromosomes align midway between the centrioles.
- Anaphase
- Centromeres separate, and duplicate parts of chromosomes then chromatids of the chromosomes separate; spindle fibers shorten and pull these new individual chromosomes toward centrioles
- Telophase
- Cytokenesis happens. Chromosomes elongate and form chromatin threads; nuclear membranes apear around each chromosome set; nucleoli appear; microtubules break down. Chromosomes unwind, and membrane continues to constrict until two daughter cells are formed.
- Mitosis
- Division of the cell nucleus into two daughter nuclei
- Karyokinesis
- Division of the nuclear parts
- Cytokinesis
- Division of Cytoplasm
- Centromere
- Fasten Chromatids