MCAT biology preparation
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- What is the cell theory?
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1. All living things are composed of cells.
2. The cell is the basic functional unit of life.
3. Cells arise only from pre-existing cells.
4. Cells carry genetic information in the form of DNA.
--- page 67 - What is the function of the diagphragms from microscopes? The course adjustment? The fine adjustment knob do?
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controls the amount of light passing through the specimen.
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course adjustment: roughly focuses on the image
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fine adjustment: sharply focuses on the image
--- page 68 - What is audioradiography? what is it used to study?
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this technique uses radioactive molecules to trace and identify cell structures and biochemical activity. It is used to study protein synthesis
--- page 69 - What and when is centrifugation?
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It can be used to seperate cells or mixtures of cells without destroying them in the process?
--- page 69 - What microscopes can be used on the living?
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A phase contrast microscope
--- page 68 - What organisms can be viewed using an electron microscope?
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Can't use living specimens because they will be killed.
--- page 69 - Are viruses considered cells? Why or why not?
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They are not capable of living independently.
--- page 69 - What characterizes a prokaryote?
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Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms with a simple cell structure. They have an outer cell membrane but do not have membrane bound organelles and don't have a true nucleus.
--- page 70 - What are the basic differences between plant and animal cells?
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plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts,animal cells do not. Centriooles are found in animal cells but not plant cells.
---page 70 - What is cytosol?
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Cytosol is the fluid component of the cytoplasm and consists of an aqueous solution containing free proteins, nutrients, and other solutes.
---page 71 - What is cytoskeleton?
- It gives the cell its shape and anchors the organelles. It functions in cell maintenance and aids in intracellular transport.
- Explain what a cell membrane's function is.
- A cell membrane encloses the cell and exhibits selective permeability. It regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell. According to the generally acceptped